Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBG*2040 > MBG Part Two: Lecture 15 > Flashcards

MBG Part Two: Lecture 15 Flashcards

1
Q

What are simple transposable elements?

A

Only carry information required for movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does simple transposable elements contain?

A

Insertion Sequence (IS) such as IS1 - common in EColi.
(800-2000bp in length)

  • The transposase gene
  • Contain terminal inverted repeats
  • Contains Flanking Direct Repeats
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are complex transposable elements?

A

Contain extra DNA information not related to transposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do complex transposable elements contain?

A

Can contain Composite Transposons or Non-Composite Transposons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a composite tranpsoson?

A

Any sequence that is next to two simple transposable elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does a Flanking Sequence mean?

A

The nucleotide sequences that are next to a specific DNA sequence of interest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Tn10 an example of?

A

A composite transposon

  • 9300bp that carries the tetracycline resistance gene flanked by 2 IS10 insertion sequences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are non-composite transposons?

A

Posesses the transposase gene and have terminal inverted repeats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Tn3 an example of?

A

A non-composite transposon

  • Carries the ampicillin resistance gene
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What did Barbara McClintock Study?

A

Chromosome Breakage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What did Barbara McClintock discover?

A

That during chromosome breakage the clear kernels became a mosaic with brown-purple patches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What did Genetic Analysis of the Mechanism of Chromosome Breakage lead her to?

A

To discover the cut and paste of Ds and Ac elements that moved around the genome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was Mosaic Colouring in the corn caused by?

A

2 unstable “genes”

  • Ac Activator Gene
    -Ds-Dissociation Gene
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the Ac Activator Gene Contain?

A
  • Terminal Inverted Repeats
  • The Transpsase Gene
  • Autonomous Transposition (contains everything it needs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the Ds Disscociation Gene Contain?

A
  • The inactivated transposase gene
  • Requires the transposase from Ac to transpose
  • Non autonomous transposition (needs activator to start it)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does Ac stimulate?

A

Chromosome breakage at the start of Ds

17
Q

What genotype for corn would produce no transposition?

A

cc (yellow) and Cc (purple)

18
Q

What transposition gene will produce a yellow kernel?

A

Going from Cc to Ctc (yellow)

19
Q

What transposition gene will produce a mosaic kernel?

A

Going from Ctc to Cc/Ctc (mosaic)

20
Q

What is a P element in Fruit Flies?

A

DNA transposons

21
Q

What does this P element posses?

A

Terminal inverted repeats and both a transposase and a repressor of transposition

22
Q

What do these P elements creat?

A

Hybrid Dysgenesis

23
Q

What is Hybrid Dysgenesis?

A

When P elements are introduced into a cell that does not have them in its genome

24
Q

What does Hybrid Dysgenesis create?

A
  • A sudden burst of mutations
  • Sterile Offspring
25
Q

What is a repressor protein?

A

A cytoplasmic protein that inhibits transposition

26
Q

What are Repressor Proteins incorporated into?

A

The cytoplasm of the egg P+ female

27
Q

What happens if a P+ female is crossed with a P- male?

A

The inhibition of the repressor proteins will prevent transposition (blocking it) and the fly will be wiltype (fertile)

28
Q

What happens if a P- female is crossed with a P+ male?

A

It will produce a sterile offspring as the males sperm does not have a sufficient amount of repressor proteins to inhibit transposition

29
Q

What is the most common transposable element in the human genome?

A

Alu.

30
Q

What is Alu an example of?

A

SINES

31
Q

What is SINES?

A

Non autonomous transposable elements in Eukaryotes

  • Identified as mutagenic in more then 20 genetic diseases
32
Q

What did SINES arise from?

A

RNA intermediate (shortened 5’ end)

33
Q

What do SINEs contain?

A

Short flanking repeats when sequences inserted into DNA

34
Q

What are LINES?

A

Have shortened sequences but longer than SINES

MBG*2040 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions