MBG Part Two: Lecture 10

Question 1

What happens when DNA is not corrected by DNA repair mechanisms?

Answer 1

An inherited change in genetic information may occur, known as a “mutation”

Question 2

What is a mutation?

Answer 2

A heritable change in the sequence of an organism’s genetic material - the mutation may alter the phenotype of the organism.

Question 3

What is a Mutant?

Answer 3

An organism that carries one or more mutations in its genetic material.

Question 4

What are mutations a source of?

Answer 4

Genetic Variation

Question 5

What does evolution mean?

Answer 5

Natural selection preserves the combinations best adapted to the existing environments

Question 6

What happens during meiosis with recombination?

Answer 6

Recombination between homologous chromosomes rearranges genetic variability into new genetic combinations.

Question 7

What are somatic mutations?

Answer 7

Occur in somatic cells (non reproductive cells), it will occur only in the descendants of that cell and will not be transmitted to the progeny. The result is a population of mutant cells.

Question 8

What are Germ-Line Mutations?

Answer 8

Occur in Germ Line Cells and will be transmitted through the gametes to the progeny

• Approximately half of the next generation will carry the mutation in al their cells.