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Psych 356 > May - Existential Psychology > Flashcards

May - Existential Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s is May’s focus?

A

Existential psychology

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2
Q

May: What are four existentialism beliefs?

A
  1. Existence (growth) above essence (stagnation), ie: actions are more important than what ppl are.
  2. People are subjective & objective – ie: thinking & acting.
  3. Ppl search for meaning in their lives
  4. We’re each responsible for who we are & become.

Existing submissive men rock.

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3
Q

What does May mean by existence?

A

To emerge or become. Growth and change. Action.

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4
Q

What does May mean by essence?

A

Static, immutable substance. A product.

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5
Q

May: The unity of people and the world is expressed by what term?

A

Dasein or being-in-the-world

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6
Q

May: What are the three modes of being-in-the-world?

A
  1. Umwelt – relationship with objects/environment.
  2. Mitwelt – relationship with world of people
  3. Eigenwelt – Relationship with oneself.
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7
Q

May: People are motivated to search for answers to important questions regarding ____.

A

The meaning of life.

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8
Q

May: If you treat people as objects, you’re likely living in _____.

A

Umwelt

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9
Q

May: Healthy people live in….?

A

Umwelt, Mitwelt, and Eigenwelt simultaneously.

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10
Q

May: What is meant by non-being?

A

Awareness of the possibility of not being through death or loss of awareness (e.g. due to drugs, alcohol).

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11
Q

To May, what causes anxiety?

A
  1. Awareness of the possibility of nonbeing

2. Freedom and responsibility

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12
Q

May: Anxiety and ___ each cannot exist with the other.

A

Freedom

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13
Q

Normal (constructive) anxiety, according to May, is….?

A

Experienced by everyone and is proportionate to the threat.

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14
Q

Describe neurotic anxiety, per May.

A

Disproportionate to the threat, involves repression, and is handled in a self-defeating manner.

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15
Q

What causes guilt, according to May?

A
  1. Separation from nature
  2. Inability to anticipate needs of others
  3. Denying or failing to fulfill own potentialities
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16
Q

May: The structure giving meaning to experience and allowing people to make decisions for the future is ____.

A

Intentionality

17
Q

How does May define love?

A

Taking delight in the presence of the other person and affirming their value as much as one’s own.

18
Q

How does May define sex?

A

A basic form of love, and a biological function that seeks satisfaction through the release of sexual tension.

19
Q

May: ___ is a higher form of love, seeking an enduring union with a loved one.

A

Eros

20
Q

May: ____ is the form of love that seeks a nonsexual friendship.

A

Philia

21
Q

May: What is the highest form of love, altruistic and seeks nothing from the other?

A

Agape

22
Q

What are the four forms of love, according to May?

A

Sex, eros, philia, agape.

23
Q

What are two forms of freedom discussed by May?

A

Existential – freedom of action

Essential – freedom of being, of the conscious mind.

24
Q

May: Freedom and ____ are a paradox of life.

A

Destiny

25
Q

May: How is freedom gained?

A

Through confrontation with one’s destiny and through an understanding that death/nonbeing is possible at any moment.

26
Q

May: ___ ___ are belief systems, conscious and unconscious, that explain personal and social problems.

A

Cultural myths

27
Q

May: Three types of ontological guilt are…

A
  1. Separation (from nature)
  2. Inability to anticipate needs of others
  3. Denying or failing to fulfill own potentialities
28
Q

May: Without ____ people couldn’t choose or act on their choice.

A

Intentionality

29
Q

May: ____ ____ are belief systems, both conscious and unconscious, that explain personal and social problems.

A

Cultural myths

30
Q

May: People have an equal degree of __ and __.

A

Freedom and responsibility.

31
Q

Summarize May’s Existential Psychology

A
  • Ppl suffer GUILT from a) separation from the natural world b) inability to judge needs of others and c) denial of their own potentialities.
  • They need Dasein – unity of self and world.
  • Three modes of Dasein: a) Umwelt – relationship w/ things b) Mitwelt – w/ ppl c) Eigenwelt – w/ oneself.
  • Intentionality gives meaning to experiences, allows ppl to make decisions for the future.
  • Anxiety from awareness of poss. of nonbeing & when aware they are free to choose.
  • Freedom is gained by facing one’s destiny and understanding nonbeing can happen anytime.
32
Q

May: What is essential freedom?

A

The freedom of being, thinking, planning, hoping.

33
Q

May: What is existential freedom?

A

Freedom of action, to move about, to pursue tangible goals.

Psych 356 (22 decks)

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