Erikson - Post-Freudian Theory

Question 1

Erikson: What are the stages of psychosocial development?

Answer 1

1. Infancy
2. Early childhood
3. Play age
4. School age
5. Adolescence
6. Young adulthood
7. Adulthood
8. Old age

In Early People, Some Aunts Yearned And Ogled.

Question 2

Erikson’s stages of development rest on an ___ principle.

Answer 2

Epigenetic

Question 3

Erikson: Describe the epigenetic principle

Answer 3

Each component proceeds in a step-by-step fashion with later growth building on earlier development.

Question 4

Erikson: During every stage, people experience interaction of opposing ___ and ___ attitudes, leading to a ___ crisis.

Answer 4

Syntonic, dystonic, psychosocial crisis.

Question 5

Erikson: Define syntonic and dystonic

Answer 5

Harmonious, disruptive.

Question 6

Erikson: Explain what causes basic strength, and what it is.

Answer 6

During every stage of development, ppl experience opposing syntonic and dystonic attitudes. Resolution of that conflict produces a basic strength (ego quality/strength).

Question 7

Erikson: How does a person move to the next stage of development?

Answer 7

By resolving the current stage’s psychosocial crisis (conflict between syntonic & dystonic attitudes), thus creating a basic strength for that stage.

Question 8

Erikson: What are the three aspects of ego?

Answer 8

Body ego (physical differences from others)
Ego ideal (image of self, compared to established ideal)
Edo identity (image of self in social roles we play)

Question 9

Erikson: While biological components lay a plan for each person, a multiplicity of historical and cultural events also shapes __ __.

Answer 9

Ego identity

Question 10

Erikson: Each basic strength has an underlying ___ that becomes the core pathology of that stage.

Answer 10

Antipathy

Question 11

Erikson used ___ (a combo of psychoanalysis & history) to study the identity crises of Martin Luther, Gandhi, and others.

Answer 11

Psychohistory

Question 12

Summarize Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Answer 12

• Erikson extended Freud’s stages into eight stages of psychosocial development – infancy to old age.
• Each of eight stages include a psychosocial struggle focused on opposing syntonic (harmonious) and dystonic (distruptive) attitudes.
• From adolescence on, struggle becomes an identity crisis.
• Resolving this struggle/crisis creates a basic strength.
• Too little basic strength leads to a core pathology.

Question 13

What’s the psychosocial crisis and the basic strength of infancy?

Answer 13

Infancy:
Oral-sensory
Trust vs. mistrust
Basic strength: hope
(core pathology: withdrawal)

Question 14

What’s the psychosocial crisis and the basic strength of early childhood?

Answer 14

Early childhood:
Anal-urethral-muscular
Autonomy vs. shame & doubt
Basic strength: Will
(core pathology: compulsion)

Question 15

What’s the psychosocial crisis and the basic strength of play age?

Answer 15

Play age:
Genital-locomotor
Initiative vs. guilt
Basic strength: purpose
(core pathology: inhibition)

Question 16

What’s the psychosocial crisis and the basic strength of school age?

Answer 16

School age:
Latency
Industry vs. inferiority
Basic strength: Competence
(core pathology: inertia)

Question 17

What’s the psychosocial crisis and the basic strength of adolescence?

Answer 17

Adolescence:
Ego identity?
Identity vs. identity confusion
Basic strength: fidelity
(core pathology: role repudiation)

Question 18

What’s the psychosocial crisis and the basic strength of young adulthood?

Answer 18

Young Adulthood:
Genitality
Intimacy vs. isolation
Basic strength: Love
(core pathology: exclusivity)

Question 19

What’s the psychosocial crisis and the basic strength of adulthood?

Answer 19

Adulthood:
Precativity
Generatively vs. stagnation
Basic strength: care
(core pathology: rejectivity)

Question 20

What’s the psychosocial crisis and the basic strength of old age?

Answer 20

Old age:
Generalized sensuality
Integrity vs. despair
Basic Strength: wisdom
(core pathology: disdain)