Maslow - Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Question 1

Name of Maslow’s theory?

Answer 1

Holistic-Dynamic theory

Question 2

What did Maslow assume about motivation?

Answer 2

It affects the whole person – it’s complete, unconscious, continual and applicable to all people.

Question 3

Name the five conative needs, according to Maslow.

Answer 3

Physiological
Safety
Love & belongingness
Esteem
Self-actualization

Question 4

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs concept assumes what?

Answer 4

That lower level needs must be relatively satisfied before higher needs.

Question 5

Maslow: These needs are _____ because have a striving or motivational character.

Answer 5

Conative

Question 6

Maslow: What are the four dimensions of needs?

Answer 6

Conative (willful striving)
Aesthetic (need for order & beauty)
Cognitive (need for curiosity & knowledge. Necessary to satisfy the five conative ones.)
Neurotic (unproductive pattern of relating to ppl)

Question 7

Maslow: Neurotic needs always lead to ____.

Answer 7

Stagnation and pathology.

These have no value in striving to self-actualization.

Question 8

Maslow: T/F: Much of expressive behavior is intentional.

Answer 8

False. It’s unmotivated. It’s simply a way of expressing oneself.

Question 9

Maslow: _____ behavior has a cause but is not motivated. It’s just a way to express oneself.

Answer 9

Expressive behavior

Question 10

Maslow: ____ behavior is motivating and is directed toward the satisfaction of basic needs.

Answer 10

Coping behavior
(attempts to cope with the environment; to secure food and shelter; to make friends; and to receive acceptance, appreciation, and prestige from others).

Question 11

Maslow: Coping behavior is always motivated by ______.

Answer 11

A deficit basic need. It’s learned, conscious and effortful.

Question 12

Maslow: The deprivation of instinctoid needs leads to what?

Answer 12

Pathology

Question 13

Maslow: Cognitive needs, including self-actualization, are ___. Their deprivation leads to pathology.

Answer 13

Instinctoid

Question 14

Maslow: Name two differences between lower and higher needs.

Answer 14

Higher level needs are:

1. Later on the phylogenetic or evolutionary scale – needed by higher-level species.
2. Produce more happiness and peak experiences than lower needs.

Question 15

Maslow: High level needs are on the ____ scale.

Answer 15

Phylogenetic or evolutionary scale

Question 16

Maslow: Which criterion separates self-actualizing people from those who are merely healthy but mired at the level of esteem?

Answer 16

Embracing B-values (truth, beauty, justice, simplicity, humor, etc.)

Question 17

Maslow: Do self-actualizing people focus more on means or ends?

Answer 17

Ends. What other people see as means, self-actualizing ppl often see as an end. They enjoy doing something for its own sake.

Question 18

Maslow: A non-interfering, passive, receptive attitude toward psychology is a ____ attitude.

Answer 18

Taoistic attitude

Question 19

Maslow: What does the Personal Orientation Inventory measure?

Answer 19

Values and behaviors of self-actualizing people.

Question 20

Maslow: Fear of being one’s best, characterized by attempts to run away from destiny is a ____ ____.

Answer 20

Jonah complex.

Question 21

For Maslow, what is the goal of psychotherapy?

Answer 21

For clients to embrace Being values (B-values).

Question 22

Maslow: What should psychotherapy be directed at?

Answer 22

The need currently being thwarted.

Question 23

Maslow: Deprivation of self-actualization leads to ______.

Answer 23

Metapathlogy and a rejection of the B-values.

Question 24

Maslow: Define metapathology

Answer 24

The absence of values, lack of fulfillment, and loss of the meaning of life.

Question 25

Maslow: Occasionally, needs on the hierarchy can be ___ but only in appearance.

Answer 25

Reversed. Unconscious motivation of behavior follows need order.

Question 26

Summarize Maslow’s Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Answer 26

• Ppl are motivated by four dimensions of need: conative (striving), aesthetic (order, beauty), cognitive (knowledge), neurotic (unproductive relating to ppl).
• Conative needs on a hierarchy – physio, safety, love & belongingness, esteem, self-actual.
• The conative needs are Instinctoid – deprivation leads to pathology.
• Acceptance of B-values (truth, beauty, humor, etc.) separates self-act. ppl from others.