Maternal postnatal anatomy and physiology Flashcards
What is another name for the postnatal period?
Puerperium
Which two hormone levels drop from birth to day seven?
Oestrogen and progesterone
Which hormone increases greatly after birth?
Prolactin
When would the ‘baby blues’ be likely to start?
Days 3-7
What are the symptoms of PND?
Sustained depressive disorder, gradual, low mood, sadness, anxiety, poor appetite, no interest
What are the symptoms of postpartum psychosis?
Within a month, rapid onset, hallucinations, insomnia, confusion, fear
What is it called when breasts are hard, hot, lumpy and heavy when the milk comes in?
Engorgement
How long does it take for complete involution of the uterus?
6 weeks
The uterine muscle layer thickness returns to normal via three processes? What are they called?
Ischemia, autolysis and phagocytosis
What does ‘ischemia’ mean?
Reduced blood supply (to the uterine muscle)
What does ‘autolysis’ mean?
Enzymes break down excess (uterine) muscle fibres & cytoplasm
What does ‘phagocytosis’ mean?
The products of autolysis being engulfed by macrophages
What are the main risk factors for DVT?
Obesity, substance misuse, multips, smoking, surgery, previous VTE, family history, Covid 19
How can the risk of DVT be reduced?
VTE scoring, mobilisation, hydration, TED stockings, LMWH, education, escalation
What are the symptoms of DVT?
Pain, redness, swelling, unilateral or bilateral, shortness of breath
