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GENERAL- TOP8 > Maternal Nursing > Flashcards

Maternal Nursing Flashcards

1
Q

What causes menstruation?

A

Drop of Estrogen and Progesterone Level.

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2
Q

-Thinnest Endometrium
-Just after Menstruation

A

Menstrual/Sloughing off

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3
Q

-6th to 14th day
-Thickest Endometrium

A

Proliferative

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4
Q

Hormone that Increases Progesterone Level

A

LH

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5
Q

-6th to 14th day
-Thickest Endometrium

A

Proliferative

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6
Q

Ovulation occurs (Luteal Phase)

A

Secretory

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7
Q

Period just before menstruation

A

Ischemic

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8
Q

SEQUENCE OF MENSTRUATION

A

M-P-S-I
Menstrual/Sloughing off
Proliferative
Secretory
Ischemic

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9
Q

During menstruation what hormones decreases?

A

estrogen & progesterone level

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10
Q

During ovulation what hormones increases?

A

Estrogen & progesterone level

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11
Q

average number of days of Menstruation

A

5 Days

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12
Q

In a 28th cycle the first day of menstruation is on ?

A

the 28th.

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13
Q

What causes ovulation?

A

LH which increases Progesterone

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14
Q

1 day is the length of ovulation which occurs on the ____ for 28th cycle.

A

14th day

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15
Q

OVULATION preceeded by ____.

A

OVULATION preceeded by MENSTRUATION.

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16
Q

Mentruation occurs when fertilization did not happen

A

good

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17
Q

Women has ____ovum

A

300

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18
Q

how many ovum per month is being released?

A

1ovum ; 2 ovum= twins;3 =triplets

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19
Q

Menstruation occurs on the ___days after ovulation.

A

14 days

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20
Q

The length of menstrual cycle is depedent on the length of

A

PROLIFERATIVE PHASE

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21
Q

Bestime to fertilize an ovum

A

1 day before up to 2 days after ovulation

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22
Q

-No sex 5 days before and 3 days after ovulation.
-Sperm 3 days + 2; Egg 1 day+2.
-Sperm can survive for 3 days or 72 hours.

A

Calendar Method

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23
Q

-Clear and strectchable
-Spihnbarkheit sign
-No sex 4 days before and 3 days after ovulation.

A

CERVICAL MUCOUS (BILLING’S METHOD)

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24
Q

-High Progesterone level
-Thermogenic
-It drop slightly before ovulation due to high estrogen
-Rises during ovulation due to high estrogen & progesterone
-No sex 3-4 days after ovulation

A

BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE

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25
Q

-Safest natural method
-Combination of Cervical mucous + BBT
*Clear Mucuos + ↑BBT
-No sex 3-4 days after ovulation

A

SYMPATHOTHERMAL

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26
Q

-withdrawal
-Least effective natural method

A

COITUS INTERRUPTUS

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27
Q

EFFECTIVE METHOD TO PREVENT STDS:

A

ABSTINENCE- 0% Chances
MONOGAMOUS RELATIONSHIP
CONDOM- Artificial

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28
Q

-Widest portion of fallopian tube
-Site of fertilization
-Common site of Ectopic Pregnancy

A

Ampulla

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29
Q

-Site of BTL (Immediate sterility)

A

Isthmus

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30
Q

-site of implantation
-Upper portion: FUNDUS
-Body portion: CORPUS
-Lower portion: CERVIX

A

Uterus

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31
Q

sperm & egg joins

A

Fertilization

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32
Q

sperm & egg divides into 2 haploid cells

A

Meiosis

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33
Q

TYPES OF CHROMOSOMES: Race

A

GENOTYPE

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34
Q

TYPES OF CHROMOSOMES:Blood type

A

SEROTYPE

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35
Q

TYPES OF CHROMOSOMES: Physical Appearance

A

PHENOTYPE

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36
Q

TYPES OF CHROMOSOMES:
-DNA structure
-Picture breakdown of chromosomes
-Traits (Behaviour)
-Hereditary (Genetics

A

KARYOTYPE

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37
Q

Pt understand the cervical/billing method if she respond

A

“I feel wet — during ovulation” &
“I feel dry —-during menstruation”.

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38
Q

1st sex

A

Coital Debut

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39
Q

normal number of chromosomes

A

46

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40
Q

normal pairs of chromosomes

A

23

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41
Q

determines sex
(X) Male sperm- Fast; but died faster

A

SPERM/MALE

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42
Q

What chromosomes if being used during DNA Testing?

A

KARYOTYPE.

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43
Q

Slow; died last

A

(Y) Female sperm

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44
Q

Cause: of h-mole

A

Degeneration of Blastocysts

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45
Q

S/sx: H-mole

A

High (+) HCG >2months
(-) FHB
(-) Fetal outline
Hyperemesis Gravidarum/ Excessive Nausea & Vomiting
Grape/Snow like clusters
Rapid abdominal Enlargement
High BP (HPN) 1st trimester
Vaginal Bleeding with Brown vesicles (Fluid fluid) 2nd trimester during ultrasound

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46
Q

Complications of H-MOLE:

A

-Hyperthyroidism
-Pulmonary Embolism

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47
Q

Plan of care: h-mole

A

-Avoid pregnancy for atleast 1 year
-D & C until HCG becomes (-)

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48
Q

Contraindicated Meds: h-mole

A

-Oxytocin- contractions causes pulmonary embolism

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49
Q

Drug of Choice: h-mole

A

METHOTREXATE
Complication of Methotrexate:
-Bleeding due to low B9 (Folic Acid)
Antidote:
LEUCOVORIN
Treat Megaloblastic anemia (B9 anemia)

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50
Q

DOC for Ectopic pregnancy & H-mole

A

METHOTREXATE

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51
Q

Contents of amniotic fluid

A

Fetal Urine

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52
Q

Site of placenta implantation

A

Decidua Basalis

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53
Q

Placenta is made of?

A

Chorionic Vili + Decidua Basalis

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54
Q

Degeneration of Blastocyst

A

H-MOLE

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55
Q

HCG is being replaced by ___ by 3rd month during pregnancy.

A

HPL

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56
Q

What hormones causes N/V during pregnancy?

A

HCG

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57
Q

What is the indicator of Pregnancy?

A

HCG

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58
Q

Hyperemesis Gravidarum for >3months

A

H-MOLE

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59
Q

Hypertension during 1st month

A

1mon= h-mole

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60
Q

Hypertension during 2nd month

A

PIH

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61
Q

Abdominal Enlargement starts at ___ of pregnancy

A

3rd month

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62
Q

-Basis: LMP (1st day of last menstruation)
-Naegel’s Rule

A

1.AOG

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63
Q

Naegel’s Rule : January - March

A

+9month +7day; Same Year

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64
Q

Mittendorf’s Rule

A

LMP
-3 months + 10 days

example:

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65
Q

Naegel’s rule: April- December

A

-3month +7day +1yr

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66
Q

Fundic Height in cm

A

20-36 cm = 20-36 weeks of pregnancy

*37 weeks: lightening

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67
Q

Purpose: To estimate the gestational Age

A

McDONALD’S RULE

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68
Q

Measures the fundic height in cm

A

3.McDONALD’S RULE

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69
Q

McDONALD’S RULE: AOG Months
**starts on 5th month
**Void
**Dorsal Recumbent position

A

Fundic Ht(cm) x2/7

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70
Q

McDONALD’S RULE: AOG Weeks

A

Fundic Ht(cm) x 8/7
**starts on 5th month
**Void
**Dorsal Recumbent position

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71
Q

-locates the fundic Height: Fingerbreadth

A

BARTHOLOMEW’S RULE
**Void (Fetal height ↑)
**Dorsal Recumbent position

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72
Q

BARTHOLOMEW’S RULE: 2 weeks before & 2 weeks after

A

EDC/EDD

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73
Q

BARTHOLOMEW’S RULE: >20 weeks;<37 wks

A

Pre-Term

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74
Q

BARTHOLOMEW’S RULE: 38 weeks-42 weeks

A

Term

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75
Q

BARTHOLOMEW’S RULE: 38 weeks-42 weeks

A

Term

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76
Q

BARTHOLOMEW’S RULE: >42 weeks

A

Full term

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77
Q

QUICKENING

A

(5months)

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78
Q

QUICKENING :Primigravida

A

Date of Quickening 5 mons (20 wks) + 4 months = EDB

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79
Q

QUICKENING:Multiparity

A

Date of Quickening 4 mons (16wks) + 5 months = EDB

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80
Q

-Measures the fetal length in cm.
-Lunar Month (10 month)

A

HAASE’S RULE

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81
Q

HAASE’S RULE

A

1-5 divide it by itself;
6-10 divide by 5
1x1 6x5
2x2 7x5
3x3 8x5
4x4 9x5
5x5 10x5

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82
Q

PRODUCTS OF FERTILIZATION

A

CONCEPTION
2 WEEKS
2 MONTHS
TERM

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83
Q

PRODUCTS OF FERTILIZATION

A

-Conception to 2 weeks= ZYGOTE
-2 weeks to 2 months= EMBRYO
-2 months to Term= FETUS

**Exactly 2 weeks; Embryo
**Exactly 2 months; Fetus

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84
Q

Johnson’s Rule
-Applicable only in cephalic presentation
-determine Fetal head in cm
-if head is engaged or not

A

FORMULA:

ABOVE THE ISCHIAL SPINE; FLOATING (-) STATION:
FH in cm - 12 X 155g = EFW in grams

BELOW ISCHIAL SPINE, ENGAGED (+) STATION:
FH in cm - 11 X 155g = EFW in grams

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85
Q

Ultrasound

A

-Measuring biparietal diameter of the head

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86
Q

*What do you call the product of fertilization from 8 weeks up to the time of birth?

A

FETUS

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87
Q

EMOTIONAL RESPONSES:
D-A-R
Denial
Ambivalence
Regression

A

1st Trimester (1-13 weeks)

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88
Q

EMOTIONAL RESPONSES:
Acceptance
Fantasy

A

2nd Trimester (14-27 weeks)

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89
Q

EMOTIONAL RESPONSES:
Fear r/t Labor & Delivery

A

3rd Trimester (28-40 weeks)

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90
Q

-means pancake
-combination of Chorionic Vili + Decidua Basalis

A

PLACENTA aka SECUNDINES

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91
Q

Forms placenta

A

Decidua Basalis

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92
Q

It encapsulates/ cover the fetus

A

Decidua Capsularis

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93
Q

Remaining portion of placenta

A

Decidua Vera

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94
Q

Size: PLACENTA

A

8 inch; 1 inch Thickness

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95
Q

Shape: placenta

A

Discord

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96
Q

weight of placenta

A

500 grams (1/2 kgs)

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97
Q

number of Cotyledons of placenta?

A

15-28 cotyledons (average)

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98
Q

Smooth & Shiny placenta

A

Schultz

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99
Q

Rough & Dirty placenta

A

Duncan

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100
Q

PLACENTA aka ______

A

SECUNDINES

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101
Q

-Blocks harmful substances to the baby, thereby prevent birth defects.

A

BARRIER

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102
Q

Safest: Antibiotics

A

Penicillin (Amoxicillin) Pen-G

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103
Q

Harmful Antibiotics:

A

Tetracycline

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104
Q

Coumadin that Doesn’t cross/enters placenta

A

Heparin (IV)

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105
Q

Coumadin Crosses Placenta

A

Coumadin (Warfarin)

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106
Q

Substances that crosses the placenta barrier:

A

Antibiotics
-Safest: Penicillin (Amoxicillin) Pen-G
-Harmful: Tetracycline

Narcotics (Opiods)
-Morphine Sulfate - CNS depressant

Coumadin (Oral) Anti-coagulant
-Heparin (IV)- Doesn’t cross/enters placenta
-Coumadin (Warfarin)- Crosses Placenta

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107
Q

ILLNESS/DISEASES THAT CROSSES PLACENTA

A

T-O-R-C-H

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108
Q

ILLNESS/DISEASES THAT CROSSES PLACENTA -Cat waste, Uncooked meat (raw meat), Fresh Goat’s Milk.

A

TOXOPLASMOSIS

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109
Q

DOC: TOXOPLASMOSIS

A

Sulfonamides

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110
Q

ILLNESS/DISEASES THAT CROSSES PLACENTA- OTHER INFECTIONS:

A

Hepatitis B
Syphilis
HIV

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111
Q

ILLNESS/DISEASES THAT CROSSES PLACENTA:
-Vaccine is not given during pregnancy
-Vaccine contains live virus
-Given after delivery and advise not to get pregnant atleast 3 months.

A

RUBELLA (German Measles)

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112
Q

ILLNESS/DISEASES THAT CROSSES PLACENTA:
-Airborne
-Soiled linens of infected person (Direct Contact)

A

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS

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113
Q

ILLNESS/DISEASES THAT CROSSES PLACENTA:
-STD

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS

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114
Q
A
115
Q

DOC:
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS

A

ziclovir

116
Q

-Somatotrophin
-Causes: GDM
-Stars to produce on 3rd month
-End at delivery of placenta

A

HPL (Human Placenta Lactogen

117
Q

-Intrauterine; the baby gets air into placenta.

A

RESPIRATORY FUNCTION

118
Q

EXCRETATORY of waste; EXCEPT?

A

Except MECONIUM

119
Q

-Intrauterine = Intestine is sterile

A

DIGESTIVE (GIT) FUNCTION

120
Q

Administer Vit. K after delivery

A

-Synthesize In Large Intestine
-prevent bleeding

121
Q

PLACENTA MUST BE DELIVIERED WITHIN___ MINUTES

A

3-10 MINUTES (MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES)

122
Q

> 30 Minutes

A

Indicates complications

123
Q

Intervention: >30 Minutes placenta delivery

A

Report to Physician

124
Q

SIGNS OF PLACENTAL SEPARATION:

A

Gushing of Blood
Rising of fundus; abdomen becomes globular

Lengthening of the cord

125
Q

Rising of fundus; abdomen becomes globular

A

(CALKIN’S SIGN)

126
Q

Order of Placental separation?

A

1st CALKIN’S SIGN
2nd: Lengthening of the cord
3rd: Gushing of Blood

127
Q

invades the myometrium

A

A.PLACENTA INCRETA

128
Q

-Adherent/attacks to myometrium

A

B.PLACENTA ACCRETA

129
Q

***Complications:PLACENTA ACCRETA

A

Abruptio/bleeding(Increta + accreta

130
Q

Placenta with 2 lobes

A

C.PLACENTA BIPARTITA

131
Q

Placenta with 3 lobes

A

D.PLACENTA TRIPARTITA

132
Q

Placenta with accessory lobe or extra lobe

A

E.PLACENTA SUCCENTURIATA

133
Q

-Umbilical cord is attached to placenta margins.

A

F.BATTLEDORE PLACENTA

134
Q

Low-lying placenta

A

G.PLACENTA PREVIA

135
Q

Premature separation of placenta

A

ABRUPTIO PLACENTA

136
Q

Low lying placenta

A

PREVIA

137
Q

Source: PREVIA

A

External Bleeding
Bright-red bleeding
Painless
(-) fetal distress

138
Q

Avoid : PREVIA

A

IE/SEX

139
Q

Dx test for : PREVIA

A

by ultrasound

140
Q

Separation of placenta

A

ABRUPTIO

141
Q

Cause: ABRUPTIO

A

Uterine contraction
During labor
Accreta/Increta
Trauma
Maternal Drug

142
Q

Source: abruptio

A

Source:
Internal/concealed bleeding
External dark-red bleeding
Painful
(+) fetal distress
Life-threatening (mother/baby)
Emergency C.S.

143
Q

TYPES OF PREVIA: CS Delivery

A

COMPLETE PLACENTA PREVIA

144
Q

TYPES OF PREVIA: Double Set-up

A

PARTIAL PLACENTA PREVIA

145
Q

TYPES OF PREVIA:
-20mm of previa is exposed
-Low lying previa
-NSVD

A

MARGINAL PREVIA (edge)

146
Q

aka: Cable, Cord, Measuring Tape, FUNIS

A

UMBILICAL CORD

147
Q

Length: UMBILICAL CORD

A

25 inches; 55 cm

148
Q

Complications:
Long Umbilical Cord

A

Cord coil, Loop, Nuchal Cord

149
Q

Complications:
Short Umbilical Cord:

A

Abruptio/ Bleeding

150
Q

Protective structure of placenta:

A

WHARTON’S JELLY

151
Q

Blood vessels: UMBILICAL CORD

A

A-V-A; 2 Arteries; 1Vein

A: unoxygenated
V: oxygenated

152
Q

Temporary structure:

A

Ductus Venosus
Ductus Arteriosus
Foramen Ovale

153
Q

Temporary structure: Bypass liver

A

Ductus Venosus

154
Q

Temporary structure: By pass lungs

A

Ductus Arteriosus

155
Q

Temporary structure:By pass lungs

A

Foramen Ovale

156
Q

AMNIOTIC FLUID: Source

A

Fetal Urine

157
Q

AMNIOTIC FLUID: start Production

A

3rd Month and low by 9th month

158
Q

AMNIOTIC FLUID: Amount

A

500-1000 ml

159
Q

Oligohydramnios

A

<500 ml

160
Q

Polyhydramnios Or Hydramnios

A

> 1200ml

161
Q

Cause/Complications: Amniotic fluid

A

OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS
POLYHYDRAMNIOS

162
Q

Cause/Complications: Amniotic fluid
-Renal Failure or Renal Agenesis

A

OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS

163
Q

Cause/Complications: Amniotic fluid
-TEF (Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula)

A

POLYHYDRAMNIOS

164
Q

MANIFESTATION: 3C’s FET

A

Coughing
Choking
Cyanosis
+
Abdominal Distention

165
Q

Appearance: amniotic fluid

A

Clear with fine Streaks of Vernix Caseosa

166
Q

indicates Meconium Staining

A

Green-

167
Q

NORMAL PRESENTATION: due to compression of intestine of the baby during uterine contraction.

A

Breech

168
Q

ABNORMAL PRESENTATION: indicates that the fetus is in distress

A

Cephalic

169
Q

INTERVENTION: Cephalic meconium staining

A

Check fetal heartbeat
Emergency CS

170
Q

test for ruptured BOW (PROM)

A

FERN TEST (NITRAZINE PAPER)

171
Q

test for ovulation
↓
Cervical Mucuous
↓
Dried-Up
↓
“Fern-Shape”
↓
Indicates: Ovulation

A

FERNING TEST/FERN TESTING

172
Q

Yellow result in nitrazine

A

Urine (Acidic)

173
Q

Blue result in nitrazine paper/test

A

Amniotic Fluid (Alkaline)

174
Q

Absence of amniotic Fluid.

A

Fetal Distress

175
Q

Due to absence of barrier.

A

Ascending Infection

176
Q

COMPLICATION OF RUPTURED BOW (PROM)

A

A.Fetal Distress
B.Cord Proplapse
C.Ascending Infection

177
Q

PLAN OF CARE: PROM

A

a)Priority: POC:
-Trendelenburg
-Knee-chest
b)Apply pressure with sterile OS soak with NSS (Saline solution)
c)In case of cord coil/loop
(-) Fetal Distress
-Insert 2 glove fingers & lift cord away from the head (slide the cord)
(+) Fetal Distress
-Clamp & cut the cord (release the cord)

178
Q

NRSG ALERT: In case of Cord Proplapse

A

“Never touch the cord with bare hands”

179
Q

-Measures the fetal serum protein

A

Increase AFP

180
Q

Indicates down syndrome (Trisomy 21/ Chromosomal defects

A

Low AFP

181
Q

PRE-NATAL CARE

A

BP Monitoring & Pre-Natal Visit

182
Q

FREQUENCY OF PREGNANCY: 1-7 Months

A

Every Month

183
Q

FREQUENCY OF PREGNANCY: 8-9 Months

A

Every 2 weeks

184
Q

FREQUENCY OF PREGNANCY: 10 Months (40 weeks);

A

EDC= Every Week

185
Q

FREQUENCY OF PREGNANCY: Post-Term (41-42 weeks)

A

2x a week

186
Q

HIGH BP ( HPN)
1st Trimester: indicates?

A

H-mole/ Molar Pregnancy

187
Q

HIGH BP ( HPN) 2nd & 3rd Trimester:

A

PIH; Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

188
Q

1st sign of PIH

A

Edema of HAND & FACE

189
Q

Intervention for PIH

A

Weight Monitoring every Pre-natal visit

190
Q

PATTERN OF NORMAL WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY
1st Trimester:

A

1.5 -3 lbs= 1lb/Month

191
Q

PATTERN OF NORMAL WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY
2nd & 3rd Trimester:

A

10-12 lbs = 1lb/ Week

192
Q

PATTERN OF NORMAL WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY
Full Term: Average Weight Gain

A

20-30 lbs

193
Q

-Due to Physiologic Anemia
-High in 30-50% of plasma value
-75%: Plasma (Liquid Portion of Blood)
-25% RBS; Diluted Blood

A

LOW RBC

194
Q

Signs of IDA

A

Same with Physiologic Anemia
4F’s
Fatigue (Tiredness)
Fainting
Forgetfullness + Dyspnea & Tachycardia
Pallor

195
Q

MANAGEMENT: IDA

A

Increase Iron Diet
Iron Supplement

196
Q

URINALYSIS:
(+) Protenuria
(+) Albuminuria

A

Portenuria & Albuminuria= PIH

197
Q

URINALYSIS:
(+) Glucosoria

A

GDM

**Slight Glucosuria- Normal
-due to high progesterone; Due to increase renal Permeability; which then leads to excretion of glucose in urine.

198
Q

DISCOMFORT -Due to HCG

A

A.NAUSEA & VOMITING (MORNING SICKNESS)

199
Q

COMFORT MEASURES: NAUSEA & VOMITING (MORNING SICKNESS)

A

Best Action: Crackers or Dry Toast in AM

200
Q

DISCOMFORT: Due to gastric reflux (high HCG) Secondary to pressure of enlarging uterus.

A

B.HEARTBURN (PYROSIS)

201
Q

Best Action:HEARTBURN (PYROSIS

A

Small frequent Feeding

202
Q

DISCOMFORT:Compression of the intestine by the enlarging uterus.

A

C.CONSTIPATION

203
Q

Best action: CONSTIPATION

A

High Fiber Diet

204
Q

URINARY FREQUENCY: Early Pregnancy

A

Compression of bladder

205
Q

URINARY FREQUENCY: Late Pregnancy

A

Fetal Lightening

206
Q

Best Action: URINARY FREQUENCY

A

Kegel Exercise

207
Q

DISCOMFORT: Due to decrease backflow of blood to the heart secondary to compression of enlarging uterus.

A

LEG EDEMA/ VARICOSITIES

208
Q

Best action: LEG EDEMA/ VARICOSITIES

A

Leg Elevation (20 mins)

209
Q

COMPLICATIONS: Shiny-white leg due to overstretching of the skin.

A

Milk Leg/Phlagmasia/ Alba Dolens:

210
Q

DISCOMFORT:Due to venous stasis in the lower extremities secondary to compression of uterus.

A

RISK FOR THROMBUS FORMATION

211
Q

Best action: RISK FOR THROMBUS FORMATION

A

Encourage ambulation every 2 hour

212
Q

COMPLICATION:Compression of vena cava by the enlarging uterus.

A

SUPINE HYPOTENSION

213
Q

BEST ACTION: SUPINE HYPOTENSION

A

Left side-lying position

214
Q

COMPLICATION: -Due to hypocalcemia secondary to imbalance between calcium & Phosphorus due to bone development.

A

LEG CRAMPS

215
Q

Best Action: LEG CRAMPS

A

Best action:
/Dorsiflexion
Preventive measures:
/Increase Calcium Diet

216
Q

Bleeding of unknown cause: Ask:

A

What month are you pregnant?

217
Q

***(+) Bleeding; what is the 1st Intervention

A

BEDREST

218
Q

implantation or pregnancy outside uterus

A

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

219
Q

Common Cause: ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

A

PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Inflammation:
Uterus
Fallopian Tube

220
Q

Common Site: ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

A

Ampulla

221
Q

Manifestation:
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

A

Severe knife-like pain in the lower abdomen
Lower abdominal pain that radiates to the shoulder
(+) N/V
Cullen’s Sign

222
Q
  • Bluish Discoloration Of Umbilicus
    -External Dark-Red Bleeding
    -Shock sign= Hypo, Tachy, Tachy, low urine output
    -Low HCT
A

(+) Cullen’s Sign

223
Q

DOC: ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

A

DOC: METHOTREXATE
-To abort the pregnancy

224
Q

-Removal of fallopian tube

A

Salphingectomy

225
Q

-Termination of pregnancy before age of viability (<20 weeks)

A

ABORTION (Miscarriage)

226
Q

**1st sign of abortion:

A

Vaginal Spotting

227
Q

Intentional or by-force which is either illegal or therapeutic.

A

INDUCED ABORTION

228
Q

SPONTANEOUS ABORTION:
Common cause:

A

Chromosomal Abnormality

229
Q

ABORTION
(+) Spotting
(+) Abdominal cramping
(-) Cervical Dilatation

A

a)THREATENED

230
Q

Intervention: THREATENED

A

BEDREST

231
Q

abortion:
(+) Spotting
(+)Abdominal Cramping
(+)Cervical Dilataion

A

INEVITABLE

232
Q

Intervention of inevitable A.

A

D & C

233
Q

Complication of D&C:

A

-Hemorrhage
-Infection

234
Q

ABORTION:
-all product is expelled
-No intervention; only emotional support

A

c)COMPLETE

235
Q

ABORTION:
-some products are retained

A

d)INCOMPLETE

236
Q

-Intervention: INCOMPLETE A.

A

: D & C

237
Q

ABORTION: fetal death in uterus

A

e)MISSED ABORTION

238
Q

Management:MISSED ABORTION

A

Induce Labor
(Oxytocin) & Vacuum Extraction

239
Q

3 or more spontaneous abortion

A

f)HABITUAL ABORTION

240
Q

Common cause:HABITUAL ABORTION

A

INCOMPETENT CERVIX

241
Q

Management: HABITUAL A.

A

MCDONALDS & SHIRODKAR

242
Q

permanent cerlage; suturing= 2-3 months

A

SHIRODKAR (CS)

243
Q

-temporary cerlage (suturing) 2-3 months

A

MCDONALDS (NSVD)

244
Q

PIH (Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension)
Starts at:?

A

5th Month (20 weeks)

245
Q

manifestation of PIH?

A

Protenuria
IEdema (face/hand)
Hpn

246
Q

Cause: OF PIH

A

Induce pregnancy

247
Q

Cure of PIH

A

Delivery of Baby/Fetus

248
Q

Temporary Placenta for 2 months

A

Corpus Lutean

249
Q

The nurse is caring for mother, when is the most vulnerable to the teratogens /illness to fetus?

A

1-2 months -since barrier is not yet formed (3rd month)

250
Q

stays in the mother’s system/ blood

A

IV

251
Q

enters/crosses the placenta

A

Oral

252
Q

Lung expansion occurs during the ___ of the baby

A

1st crying of the baby.

253
Q

Fine-downy hair

A

Lanugo

254
Q

Cheesy-like substance (Protects Skin)

A

Vernix-Caseosa

255
Q

Combination of lanugo+ Vernix Caseosa; Swallowed by the baby.

A

Meconium

256
Q

Causes GDM

A

HPL

257
Q

What month does kidney develops?

A

1ST MONTH

258
Q

at what month does kidney functions and produces urine

A

3rd month

259
Q

Which of the following enhances the absorption of vit. K?

A

fats (fat soluble vitmans)

260
Q

Nurse is caring for mother whose placenta is intact for 8 hours

A

CALL THE PHYSICIAN!!
=30 Mins. (Max Waiting)

261
Q

First sign of pregnancy:

A

Amenorrhea

262
Q

Indicator of pregnancy:

A

hcg

263
Q

H-Mole

A

GTP

264
Q

High BP; 2nd tri

A

Bleeding

265
Q

High BP; 1st tri

A

H-Mole

266
Q

normal physiologic changes during pregnancy:

A

Edema in lower extremity (LEGS)

267
Q

“I cant wear my wedding ring”

A

PIH

268
Q

What is the most accurate indicator of GDM?

A

Blood Glucose/ Sugar

269
Q

 fetal lightening- Urinary frequency

A

3rd Trimester

270
Q

What causes Amenorrhea

A

presence of Placenta

271
Q

Hormones of Pregnancy

A

PROGESTERONE ABSENCE OF UTERINE CONTRACTION TO MAINTAIN PREGNANCY TILL FULLTERM

272
Q

Bleeding of unknown cause:

A

Ask! What month are you pregnant?

273
Q

Death of fetus after viablity; Termination of pregnancy after age of viability (>20 weeks)

A

Fetal Demise

274
Q

Baby is alive during entire pregnancy ; died during delivery.

A

Stillbirth

275
Q

High risk for pregnancy

A

<18 y.o.
>35 y.o.

276
Q

Ideal age for child bearing

A

20-30 y.o.

277
Q

OBSTETRICAL NOTATION
Total # of pregnancy including the present

A

Gravida

278
Q

OBSTETRICAL NOTATION
Total number of births, 20 weeks & above irrespective to outocme

A

Para

279
Q

OBSTETRICAL NOTATION
-Never got pregnant

A

Nulli

280
Q

OBSTETRICAL NOTATION
-1st pregnancy

A

Primipara

281
Q

OBSTETRICAL NOTATION
-2 or more pregnancy

A

Multipara

282
Q

OBSTETRICAL NOTATION
-5 or more

A

Grandmulti para

283
Q

TPALM Scoring:

A

Term infants: 37 wks & above dead/alive
Preterm infants: 20-36 wks dead/alive
Abortions:
Living Currently:
Multiple Gestation:

GENERAL- TOP8 (25 decks)

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