BIOETHICAL PRINCIPLES Flashcards
-Personal belief/ standard of what is right or wrong
-internlized during childhood
-parents, environment, religion
Moral
-Critical standard in evaluating morals
-universally accepted; as Guide
Ethics
Conflict between 2 or more ethical principles
Ethical Dilemma
-Critical standard applied in life situations
Purpose: General guide in life situations
Bioethics
-act of kindness & mercy
-after the act
-primary principle
-care, attention, information
BENEFICENCE
Test taking technique:
-Positively stated
-do no harm; prevent
-safety of pt
-before or during the act
-secondary principle
NON-MALEFICENCE
Test taking technique:
-Negatively stated
-Avoid
-Not to do
-Prevent
-Decline
-Do no
HARM
-telling the truth
-acceptability of deceit
-patient bound to tell truth; Dx
-coordinate plan of care
Veracity
what to divulge to patient?
Permission from physician
Withhold information, otherwise can cause further emotional harm.
Benevolent Deception
-Freedom to make decisions, free from coercion
Autonomy
Free & rational act that presupposes the knowledge of procedure.
Explain:
-Condition
-First line treatment & alternatives
-Risk & benefits
-Complications if left untreated
-what the client may feel during procedure
INFORMED CONSENT
-Explains procedure
-obtain signature/ informed consent
PHYSCIAN
SURGEON
ROLE OF NURSES WITH CONSENT
Verify the ff:
-Understanding of patient.
-Qualified to sign the consent
Witness
-explanation of physician
-Signing of patient
-Signing of patient does not guarantee understanding informed consent.
Qualification to sign consent:
-Legal age
-sound-mind
-Conscious/Coherent
Not qualified to sign consent
-Minor
-Unsound mind (declared by court Psychologic problem)
-Under influence of drug/alcohol
-Unconscious/ Emergency
Minor allowed to sign consent:
-Pregnant
-Emancipated: Stand alone
-Members of military
-Married
Types of informed consent:
Express consent:
-Oral
-Written
Type of informed consent
-Oral
-Written
Express consent
Type of consent
-During an emergency when pt is unable to give consent for life-saving treatment.
-AKA “ER Doctrine”
Implied Consent
Elements of Informed Consent
-Voluntary
-Competent: Practitioner
-Detailed: Manner
-Overriding of the autonomy of the patient.
-4 situations: Minor, Mentally ill, Unconscious during emergency,
-Living will: Document DPA (Durable power of attorney); Pt is incapacitated.
Paternalism
2 types of paternalism
-Advance Directives
-DPA (Durable power of attorney
Type of paternalism where there is written document made by patient
-Advance directives
-Type of paternalism authorizes someone to transact on behalf
-Health care could be proxy
DPA; Durable Power of Attorney
LINE OF CONSENT
1st: Spouse
2nd: Child/ offspring (legal age)
3rd: parents
4th: siblings
5th: legal guardian (lola-lolo)
6th: relatives (tito-tita)
7th: medical director
-Non-disclosure of information
-privileged communication: based on trust
*Husband-Wife
*Doctor-Pt
*Lawyer-Client
Confidentiality
Grave Cause; Confidentiality ends:
When Public Danger Begins:
R: Rape/incest
A: A communicable dse
P: Plan to kill self/others; Public Safety
compromised
E: Elder/ Child Abuse
-Fair or Equal
-Allocation of resources: Human or Material
Justice
Being faithful to:
Patient- Keep one’s promises
Profession- CPD; stick to career;
Fidelity
Protect clients right with welfare
Advocate
VAWC
RA 9262
-Violation of civil code relationship: Fine, Damages
-Actual damage: Hospitalization
-Moral damage: Incapable of exactness
-Loss of income: years of diability
CIVIL CRIMES
Serious injury
> 30 days
Less serious injury
10-30 days
Slight physical Injury
<9 days
Civil Wrongdoing against personal/property
Tort
Right to travel
Liberty to abode
No right to travel
-Court order; criminal
-Communicable dse
Imprisonment w/o valid basis
false imprisonment/ illegal detention
Imminent threat to bodily harm
Assault
unconsented touch
-restraint
-Except: therapeutic touch
Battery
Restraint least to most restrictive:
1st: Verbal Restraint
2nd: Physical Restraint: using equipment
3rd: Chemical Restraint: Tranquilizer &
Anxiolytics
Monitor for chemical restraint:
1st: RR
2nd: Liver Toxicity
3rd: Rashes: steven’s johnson
Right to be left alone; free from unwarranted publicity
Privacy
2 types of violation
Invasion of privacy: Personal life & private part
Breech of confidentiality : Condition (Medical Related Information)
type of violation r/t Personal life & private part
Invasion of privacy
type of violation r/t Condition (Medical Related Information)
Breech of confidentiality
-Damaging of good reputation
-it may be factual or fictitious
Defamation
Verbal Defamation
Slander
Written, Posted, or Picture
Libel
-Agreed to an online post
-Shared with additional Caption
Cyber Libel
Nursing Management for Restraint:
1st: Check doctor’s order
2nd: Obtain consent
3rd: Check circulation; every 30 minutes
Rotate-Release; Rotate-Release: every 2 hours
4th: Never leave pt when you release restraint
5th: Proper documentation
***Renew every 8 hours checked by MD
