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VT APC > Masterplanning > Flashcards

Masterplanning Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of masterplanning and urban design?

A

To set out a vision and framework for the planning and development of large or otherwise complex areas of land. This might be both for greenfield development and for regeneration purposes.

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2
Q

What does masterplanning typically involve?

A

Planning of:

  • Land uses
  • Grey and green infrastructure
  • Scale and density
  • Phasing
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3
Q

What is masterplanning linked to?

A
  • Political and social processes
  • Funding and financial planning
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4
Q

What is urban design?

A

It is concerned with the three and four dimensional designed characteristics of spaces and places and groups of buildings, rather than individual buildings or sites.

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5
Q

What is urban design said to be?

A

Primarily an art but the science of placemaking is also important in terms of human behaviour and psychology and aspects related to green or grey infrastructure.

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6
Q

What information is required to prepare masterplans and urban design strategies and schemes?

A
  • Site / building (opportunities, constraints)
  • Permeability
  • Infrastructure and serviceability (grey like roads and transport, green like natural habitats)
  • History
  • Design character
  • Legibility
  • Local planning policy (consideration of what the local area needs, will dictate land uses)
  • Funding arrangements (what is your budget)
  • Political scene (Labour are favouring the delivery of affordable housing)
  • Environmental issues
  • Market knowledge
  • Land ownership, acquisition and disposal arrangements
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7
Q

What are the objectives of masterplans and urban design?

A

To set out the vision for a site and a framework for the design team to deliver within.

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8
Q

Why are masterplans phased?

A

Funding - Generally speaking profit from first phase will help to deliver later phases as capital is recycled

Market absorption - You might struggle to sell / lease 6,000 homes if all launched to the market at the same time

Market demand - MM will need to be launched at the correct time in the market

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9
Q

What is the government body for housing?

A

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government

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10
Q

Who leads the MHCLG?

A

Angela Rayner

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11
Q

What are some of the key NPPF changes to housing supply?

A

Reinstating the requirement for a 5 year housing land supply:

  • 5% and 20% buffers to 5 year housing supply reinstated
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12
Q

What are some of the key NPPF changes to the green belt?

A

Historically green belt boundaries only changed in exceptional circumstances, that now includes not delivering housing.

Where LPAs cannot demonstrate a five year supply of housing, or where the Housing Delivery Test indicates the delivery of housing was below the 75% requirement over the previous three years, development can be on green belt land.

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13
Q

What are some of the key NPPF changes to design?

A

References to ‘beautiful’ has been removed as it was too subjective.

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14
Q

What is the introduction of the grey belt?

A

Relaxes some restrictions on PDL (Previously Developed Land) and widens definition of appropriate development.

  • PDL is still prioritised
  • Introduces grey belt (land in green belt comprising PDL and other land that doesn’t contribute to the five green belt purposes)
  • If LPA can’t demonstrate 5YHLS, development on green belt won’t be inappropriate
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15
Q

What does the proposed NPPF state about plan making?

A
  • Plans at examination will continue
  • Plans at advanced stage will continue
  • Plans at earlier stage should be revised against new NPPF
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16
Q

What is the government’s UK housing target?

A

1.5 million homes in next 5 years

17
Q

What is the government’s London housing target?

A

80,000 new homes per annum

Lower than 100,00 target set by Toris

18
Q

What are AH targets?

A

60% of new housing to be affordable

19
Q

What are AH minimum requirements?

A

Varies across different LPAs:

  • London: 10%
  • Newham: 35%
20
Q

Provide an example of when you have contributed to a masterplan?

A

Community Use Strategy

  1. Reviewed the HPA to understand the quantum of community space committed to
  2. Reviewed community consultation material –> 15-minute city
  3. Cross checked with NC’s Community Wealth Building Strategy (2022) and The Royal Docks Placemaking Strategy (2022) –> upskilling, wealth building, 15-minute city
  4. Plotted community uses across the masterplan
  5. Submitted to LBN for approval
21
Q

What quantum of community use space had you committed to?

A

750 sqm

22
Q

What use class is community space?

A

F2

23
Q

What priorities were outlined in the community engagement and consultation that you used to inform the strategy?

A
  1. Cultural offer (affordable events / open space for events)
  2. Community infrastructure (health facilities / youth facilities / leisure facilities)
  3. 15-minute city
24
Q

What did the consultation entail?

A

15 local stakeholders
7 months
8 events
700 attendees

25
Q

What priorities were outlined in Newham Council’s Community Wealth Building Strategy (2022)?

A
  • Create wealth
  • Retain benefits locally
  • Upskilling and supporting local businesses
  • Improving housing, health, air quality
26
Q

What priorities were outlined in The Royal Docks Placemaking Strategy (2022)?

A
  • Upskilling
  • Wealth-building
  • 15-minute city
  • Silvertown as ‘significant future place’ for hyper local stakeholders to collaborate for ‘15-minutes’ as stated in the Local Plan
27
Q

How did all of this information inform the strategy?

A

I plotted a community café, hall and exhibition space across the masterplan:

  • Hall in Victoria Gardens for gathering
  • Exhibition space along NWR where there is high footfall
  • Cafe near dock where water will also be activated
28
Q

Can you provide another example where you contributed to a masterplan?

A

Community Consultation for Plot 78

  1. Presented masterplan at a community consultation
  2. Consultation was for Plot 78 so important to understand wider masterplan as it informed design of plot
  3. Reviewed industrial history and planning history to ensure I could explain these
  4. Reviewed each neighbourhood area
  5. Mentioned that plot is within desire line between Grade II listed building and link to public transport
  6. Very desirable place to be
  7. Enabled public to understand in context of masterplan and provide context on its design
29
Q

How does the masterplan inform the plot design?

A

The masterplan design code sets out that plot architecture should strengthen the industrial character of the site

30
Q

What do you mean by desire line?

A

Preferred route someone would take

The plot is situated on a desire line between MM / Silo D and DLR

It is a prime location within the masterplan and very accessible to all different parts of the site / activity

31
Q

Can you provide an example where you have advised on a masterplan?

A

Plot Configuration of GHKL

  1. Analysing impacts of site constraints on four plots in Silvertown to find optimal configuration
  2. Liaised with resi team to understand key design and viability metrics (GEA, dual aspect)
  3. Liaised with infra team to understand utility requirements, dock wall loading limits, location of manholes
  4. Undertook optioneering exercise with masterplan architect

Advice:
- Set one plot back from dock wall to reduce the need for reinforcement
- Straighten utilises corridor to allow space for additional GEA as plot can be pushed out

32
Q

What is dual aspect?

A

Housing Design Standards (2023):

All new dwellings must be dual aspect (have openable windows on two external walls, either opposite or adjacent to eachother)

33
Q

What were the dock wall loading requirements?

A

The plot must be set back 9 metres from the dock wall to avoid reinforcement

34
Q

Provide another example where you have advised on a masterplan?

A

Non-Residential Floorspace

  1. LBN concerned with quantum of non-resi floorspace
  2. Reviewed argument it was not aligned to LBN Local Plan (2018) town centre hierarchy
  3. Instructed agents to prepare reports demonstrating demand for non-resi floorspace

ADVICE:
- There is demand, driven by lack of amenities and scale of scheme proposed
- Further advised the delivery of non-residential floorspace with not detract from nearby ‘town centres’ due to a different proposed offering

E.g. Canning Town (lots of resi development so convenience to cater for them), Canary Wharf (lots of commercial so more comparison brands, less local)

The ST offering would be convenience but local operators to cater for people living and working onsite

35
Q

Please explain the town centre hierarchy?

A

Newham Local Plan (2018)

  • Metropolitan Centre on way to becoming a International Centre
  • Major Centre
  • District Centre
  • Local Centre
36
Q

What is Regulation 19?

A

Update to a Local Plan, three stages:

  1. Consultation
  2. Draft Plan
  3. Draft Plan for submission
37
Q

What are the different use classes?

A

Commercial - E
Residential - C
Retail - E
Leisure - E
Community - F2

VT APC (25 decks)

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