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Pharm final > Master so far COPY > Flashcards

Master so far COPY Flashcards

1
Q

Nitroglycerine actions

A

Reduce preload and afterload
Vasodilation of cerebral and coronary arteries
Generalized smooth muscle relaxation
Onset of action 1-2min

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2
Q

Glucagon action

A

Natural polypeptide hormone secreted by the pancreas. Released to breakdown stored glycogen to glucose and inhibits the synthesis of glycogen from glucose. Acts on
receptor sites similar to those of epinephrine producing catecholamine like effects.

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3
Q

Ondasetron action

A

blocks serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. It has little effect on vomiting caused by motion sickness.

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4
Q

Narcan dose

A

0.4-2mg IV/IO/IM (may repeat 2-3min prn)
2-2.5mg ETT
Pedi:
0.1mg/kg IV/IO/IM

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5
Q

Dextrose contraindication

A

None in documented hypoglycemia

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6
Q

Amiodarone dose

A

Adult

  • VF/Pulseless V tach: 300mg IV/IO repeat at 150mg after 3 – 5 minutes
  • Wide complex tachycardia: 150mg IV/IO over 10 minutes
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7
Q

Furosemide action

A

Lasix is a rapid acting potent diuretic and antihypertensive that inhibits sodium reabsorption by the kidney. Its vasodilating effects reduce venous return and cardiac workload.

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8
Q

Dextrose dose

A

Adult

25g D50 IV/IO/PO

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9
Q

Thiamine action

A

Thiamine is vitamin B1. It is required for the metabolism of glucose and the production
of ATP. It is not manufactured by the body and must be constantly provided from
ingested foods.

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10
Q

Succinylcholine action

A

Succinylcholine as an ultra short acting neuromuscular blocker with a high affinity for Ach receptor sites

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11
Q

Morphine indication

A

Management of moderate to severe pain

To reduce venous return in pulmonary edema/CHF/AMI

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12
Q

Narcan side effects

A 
Increase BP
Increase respirations
Tachycardia
N/V
Tremors 
Withdrawal symptoms
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13
Q

Atrovent class

A

Parasympatholytic (anticholinergic) bronchodilator

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14
Q

Epinephrine dose

A

Adult
-Cardiac arrest
1mg IV 1:10,000
2-2.5mg ETT 1:1000

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15
Q

Activated charcoal contraindication

A

Uncontrolled airway
Ingestion of cyanide, mineral acids, caustic alkalis, organic solvents, iron, ethanol
or methanol

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16
Q

Sodium bicarb dose

A

Adult
1mEq/kg IV/IO, may repeat at half dose every 10 minutes

Pediatrics
Same as adult

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17
Q

Nitroglycerine contraindications

A 
Hypotension
Chest trauma
Head trauma
Brain bleed
Increased ICP
Use of ED drugs 
Hypersensitivity
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18
Q

Albuterol action

A

Selective beta-2 adrenergic bronchodilator causing bronchial smooth muscle relaxation with minimal beta-1 or alpha stimulation. Inhibits histamine release reducing mucus secretion and mucosal edema

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19
Q

Activated charcoal action

A

Activated charcoal is a specially prepared charcoal that when given soon after ingestion of a toxin will adsorb and bind organic toxins from the GI tract

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20
Q

Magnesium sulfate dose

A

Adult

  • Torsades de pointes: 1 – 2g IVP over 1 – 2 minutes
  • Eclamptic seizure: 4 – 5g IVP concurrently with up to 5g IM in each buttock then 4 – 5 g every 4 hours
  • Bronchodilation: 2g IVP
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21
Q

Succinylcholine class

A

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

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22
Q

Lidocaine dose

A

Adult
-1 – 1.5mg/kg IV bolus; may repeat doses every 3 – 5 minutes at 0.5 – 0.75mg/kg to a total dose of 3mg/kg. May then start continuous infusion of 1 – 4 mg/min
Use 4mg/ml concentration for infusion
-For endotracheal administration use 2 – 2.5 the loading dose followed by a 10ml NS flush.

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23
Q

Fentanyl class

A

Narcotic analgesic

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24
Q

Sodium bicarb indication

A

Prolonged cardiac arrest
Known hyperkalemia
Tricyclic antidepressants/barbiturates OD
Refractory metabolic acidosis

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25
Q

Thiamine dose

A

Adult
50 – 100mg IV/IO/IM

Pediatrics:
10 – 25mg IV/IO/IM

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26
Q

Atropine class

A

Parasympatholytic/anticholinergic

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27
Q

Fentanyl action

A

A potent short acting narcotic agonist used for its analgesic properties. Fentanyl does not cause the vasodilation associated with morphine and so may be acceptable for use in hypovolemic patients.

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28
Q

Narcan class

A

Narcotic antagonist

29
Q

Beta blocker OD

A

Glucagon

30
Q

Aspirin contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity
Active gastro-intestinal bleed
Acute asthma attack
Bleeding disorder

31
Q

Thiamine indication

A

Coma of unknown origin
Alcohol induced coma
Delirium tremens

32
Q

Atrovent dose

A

Adult
500 mcg in 3 ml saline via nebulizer

Pediatric
250 mcg in 3 ml saline via nebulizer

33
Q

Amiodarone side effect

A 
Hypotension
Bradycardia
Cardiogenic shock
Headache/dizziness
AV block
34
Q

Morphine dose

A 
Adult
-Pain management
2.5 – 15mg IV/IO
5 – 20mg IM/SC
-Pulmonary edema/CHF/AMI
 1 – 2mg IV/IO every 6 – 10 minutes
35
Q

Morphine class

A

Narcotic Analgesic

36
Q

Furosemide dose

A

Adult
-40-120mg slow IV
Pediatric
-1mg/kg slow IV push

37
Q

Adenosine indication

A

PSVT (Refractory to vagal maneuvers)

Stable wide complex tachycardia thought to be reentry SVT

38
Q

Albuterol side effect

A 
Tremors/anxiety/dizziness
Headache/diaphoresis
Angina/palpitations
Tachycardia
CNS stimulation
Hypertension
39
Q

Ondasetron dose

A

Adult
4mg IVP/PO. Max dose of 8mg.

Pediatric
4mg IVP/PO

40
Q

Adenosine contraindication

A

Second or third degree AV block

Poison or drug induced tachycardia

41
Q

Atrovent indication

A

Asthma (in combination with other bronchodilators)

COPD

42
Q

Nitroglycerine dose

A

0.4mg tablet or spray, not for pedi

43
Q

Glucagon dose

A

Adult

  • Hypoglycemia: 1.0 unit IM/SC (may repeat as needed 5 – 20 minutes)
  • Beta-blocker OD: 2 – 3 units IV/IO over 2 – 5 minutes
44
Q

Fentanyl dose

A

Adult

  • 25 – 100mcg slow IV/IO over 2 – 3 minutes
  • 1.0mcg/kg slow IV/IO over 2 – 3 minutes
45
Q

Diphenhydramine dose

A

Adult

25 – 50mg IV/IM/PO

46
Q

Glucagon indication

A

To increase blood sugar levels in hypoglycemia without vascular access
Beta-blocker overdose

47
Q

Dextrose class

A

Carbohydrate

48
Q

Morphine action

A

Morphine is a natural opium alkaloid that acts on the opiate receptors in the brain. Provides both analgesic and sedative effects. Vasodilatation, reduction of venous return and decrease of myocardial oxygen demand

49
Q

Furosemide class

A

Non-potassium sparing loop diuretic

50
Q

Morphine side effect

A 
Respiratory distress
Bradycardia
Palpitation
Hypotension
Cardiac arrest
51
Q

Diphenhydramine class

A

Antihistamine

52
Q

Dopamine indication

A

Cardiogenic shock (pulmonary edema with NON-HYPOVOLEMIC hypotension)

Anaphylaxis refractory to epinephrine and fluid boluses

Bradycardia refractory to atropine and pacing

Shock states with Hemodynamically significant hypotension in the ABSENCE of

Hypovolemia (sepsis, neurogenic shock).

Crush injury

53
Q

Diphenhydramine contraindication

A

Asthma and other lower respiratory diseases

54
Q

Aspirin action

A

Aspirin produces analgesia and reduces inflammation and fever by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins. It decreases platelet aggregation.

55
Q

Epinephrine indication

A

To restore cardiac rhythms in a cardiac arrest event
Allergic reaction/Anaphylaxis
Bradycardia refractory to dopamine

56
Q

Calcium channel blocker OD

A

Calcium chloride

57
Q

Midazolam dose

A

Adult
1 – 2.5mg slow IV/IO
0.07 – 0.08mg/kg IM (typical max of 5mg)

58
Q

Nitroglycerine indications

A

Angina
Chest pain
Pulmonary edema

59
Q

Tricyclic antidepressant OD

A

Sodium bicarb

60
Q

Ondasetron class

A

Antiemetic

61
Q

Adenosine dose

A

Adult
6mg rapid IVP w/ 10ml followed by 12mg
Pedi
0.1mg/kg rapid IVP w/ 10ml followed by 0.2mg/kg

62
Q

Diazepam dose

A 
Seizures
 5 – 10 mg IV/IO/IM
 Anxiety
 2 – 5 mg IV/IM
 Premedication
 5 – 15 mg IV/IO
63
Q

Aspirin dose

A

160-325mg PO, not for pedi

64
Q

Succinylcholine contraindication

A 
Family history of malignant hyperthermia
Glaucoma
Penetrating eye trauma
Liver disease
Significant burns older than 24 hours
65
Q

Calcium chloride indication

A

Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypermagnesemia
Calcium channel blocker OD

66
Q

Glucagon contrindication

A

Hypersensitivity to glucagon or protein compounds

Glucagon is only effective if there are glycogen stores in the liver

67
Q

Albuterol dose

A

Adult

2.5 – 5.0mg via nebulizer (repeat PRN)

68
Q

Adenosine action

A

Slows conduction time through the AV node and interrupts the reentry pathways of the AV node and SA node. Half life of <10 seconds and does not cause a decrease in blood pressure.

69
Q

Midazolam class

A

Sedative/hypnotic

Pharm final (28 decks)

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