Massive hemoptysis

Question 1

massive hemoptysis

Answer 1

life threatening condition that requires timely and effective management and the exact definition is debated 100-1000 ml in 24 hrs

Question 2

What is the best imaging modality for viewing massive hemoptysis?

Answer 2

Needs CT scan to see a cause and bronchoscopy to visualize the location and then VIR to try and isolate the blood vessel that’s causingsing this

Question 3

Management of massive hemoptysis

Answer 3

identify the bleeding site, maintain a patent airway (affected side down, possible selective intubation or balloon tamponade, ensure adequate oxygenation and HDS and attempt to control the bleeding with a rigid bronchscopy. VIR will then do embolization of the area.

Question 4

If there is no bleeding localized what do you do?

Answer 4

conservative management or close surveillance

Question 5

What to do if there is bleeding and localized?

Answer 5

Bronchial artery embolization by IR or surgery if uncontrolled or bleeding reoccurs.

Question 6

what is the cause of massive hemoptysis?

Answer 6

aspergilloma (can have fungus ball that erodes into a blood vessel

bronchiectasis,

necrotizing pneumonia

and rarely bronchogenic carcinoma