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Step 1 Prep > MARKERS > Flashcards

MARKERS Flashcards

1
Q

BRC-ABL

A

Oncogene: CML, ALL, tyrosine kinase

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2
Q

bcl-2

A

Oncogene: Follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas; anti-apoptotic moleculre

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3
Q

BRAF

A

Oncogene, melanoma, Serone/threonin kinase

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4
Q

c-kit

A

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, oncogene, Cytokine receptor

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5
Q

c-myc

A

Burkitt lymphoma, transcription factor

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6
Q

HER2/neu

A

breast, ovarian, gastric carcinoma with tyrosine kinase

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7
Q

L-myc

A

Lung tumor; transcription factor

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8
Q

N-myc

A

Neuroblastoma: transcription factor

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9
Q

ras

A

colon cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic

GTPase

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10
Q

ret

A

MEN 2A and 2B; Tryosine kinase

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11
Q

APC
BRCA1
BRACA2

A

APC = colorectal
BRCA1 = breast and ovarian
BRCA2- breast and ovarian

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12
Q

CPD4/SMAD4

A

Pancreatic cancer makes DPC or Deleated in Pancreatic Cancer

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13
Q

DCC

A

Colon cancer: Deleated in Colon Cancer

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14
Q

p16

A

Melanoma; cyclcin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A

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15
Q

PTEn

A

breast cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial

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16
Q

Rb

A

retinoblastoma and Osteosarcoma: inhibits EF2 to stop G1–> S

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17
Q

TSC1

TSC2

A

both Tuberous sclerosis
1 = hamartin protein
2=Tuberin protein

18
Q

Elevated Alk Phos is indication for

A

Metastases to bone or liver, Paget disease of bone, seminoma (placental ALP).

19
Q

α-fetoprotein

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor, mixed germ cell tumor.
*Normally made by fetus. Transiently elevated in pregnancy; high levels associated with neural tube and abdominal wall defects, low levels associated with Down syndrome.

20
Q

β-hCG

A

Hydatidiform moles and Choriocarcinomas (Gestational trophoblastic disease), testicular cancer, mixed germ cell tumor.
*produced by syncytiotrophoblasts of the placenta.

21
Q

Elevated CA-15-3/CA-27-29

A

Breast cancer

22
Q

Elevated CA-19-9

A

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

23
Q

Elevated CA-125

A

Ovarian cancer

24
Q

Elevated CEA

A

Carcino Embryonic Antigen.
Very nonspecific but produced by ∼ 70% of colorectal and pancreatic cancers; also produced by gastric, breast, and medullary thyroid carcinomas.

25
Q

EBV causes what cancer

A

Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 1° CNS lymphoma (in immunocompromised patients)

26
Q

Infection with HBV, HCV

A

HCC increases

27
Q

Infection HHV-8

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

28
Q

HPV infection

A

Cervical and penile/anal carcinoma (types 16, 18), head and neck cancer

29
Q

H.pylori infection

A

Gatric adenocarcinoma and MALT oma

30
Q

HTLV-1

A

associated with adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma

31
Q

Liver fluke: Clonorchis Sinensis

A

Cholangiocarcinoma

32
Q

Schistosoma haematobium

A

Bladder Cancer

33
Q

What neosplasms release 1,25 OH2, D3 resulting in Hypercalcemia

A

Hodgkin lymphoma, and some non

34
Q

What neoplasms result in Paraneoplastic release of ACTH causing Cushing sydnrome

A

Small cell lung

35
Q

What neoplasm causes paraneoplastic release of ADH leading to SIADH

A

Small cell lung and Intracranial neoplasms

36
Q

What neoplasm release antiB to presynaptic Ca++ at the NMJ resulting in Lambert Eaton

A

Small Cell lung

37
Q

What neoplasm releases EPO causing Polycythemia?

A

RCC, Thymoma, Hemangioblastoma, HCC, Leiomyoma, Pheocromocytoma

38
Q

What malignancy releases PTHrP causing hypercalcemia?

A

Squamous cell lung, RCC or breast

39
Q

What shit has Psammoma bodies?

A

PSaMMoma: Papillary carc of thyroid, Serious papillary cystadenocarcinom of ovary, Meningioma, Malignant mesothelioma

40
Q

What tumors will Met to the BRAIN?

A

Lung> Breast > Genitourinary>Osteosarcoma; often multiple and well circumscribed

41
Q

What tumors with MET to the LIVER

A

Colon&raquo_space; Stomach> pancrease

42
Q

What tumors with MET to the BONE

A

Prostate or Breast >lung>thyroid; more common then primary bone tumor

Step 1 Prep (28 decks)

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