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Step 1 Prep > Classic Lab Findings > Flashcards

Classic Lab Findings Flashcards

1
Q

Anticentromere antibodies

A

Sclerodomera/CREST

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2
Q

Antidesmoglein (epithelial) antibodies

A

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

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3
Q

Anti-Glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture Syndrome (glmerulonephritis adn hemoptysis)

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4
Q

Antihistone antibodies

A

Drug-induced SLE (hydralizine, INH, phenytoin, procainamide)

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5
Q

Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA)

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal HTN)

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6
Q

Anti-IgG antibodies

A

RA (sytemic inflammation, joint pannus, bouteonneir deformity)

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7
Q

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)

A

Microscopic polyangitis adn Churg-Strauss syndrome (MPO-ANCA/p-ANCA); granulomatosis w/ polyangitis (Wegener; PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA)

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8
Q

Antinuclear antibodies; ANA: anti-Smith or anti-dsDNA

A

SLE; Type III hypersensitivity

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9
Q

Antiplatelet antibodies

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

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10
Q

Anti-topioisomerase antibodies

A

Diffuse systemic sclerodema

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11
Q

Anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial antibodies

A

Celiac’s disease; diarrhea, distension and weight loss

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12
Q

“Apple Core” lesion on abdominal xray

A

Colorectal cancer

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13
Q

Azurophilic peroxidase + granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts

A

Auer rods in AML; especially the promyelocytic M3 type

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14
Q

Bacitracin response

A

Sensitive; Streptococcus Pyogenes group A

resistant; Streptococcus agalactiae group B

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15
Q

Bamboo spine on x ray

A

Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis: HLA-B27)

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16
Q

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

A

Howell-Jolly bodies~ splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen

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17
Q

Basophilc stippling of RBCs

A

lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia

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18
Q

Bloody tap on LP

A

subarchonoid hemorrhage

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19
Q

“Boot-shaped” heart

A

Tetrology of Fallot, RVH

20
Q

Branching gram + rods with sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israelli

21
Q

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

A

Pancoast tumor; can compress sympathetic ganglion causing Horner syndrome)

22
Q

“Brown” tumor of bone

A

Hyperparathydoidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage)

23
Q

Cadiomegaly with apical atrophy

A

Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

24
Q

Cellular crescents in Bowman capsule

A

Rapidly progressive cresentic glomerulonephritis

25
Q

“Chocolate cyst” of ovary

A

Endometriosis (often both ovaries)

26
Q

Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurfibrils

A

Homer-Wright rossettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)

27
Q

Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs

A

Cystic fibrosis–> autosomal recessive mutations in CFTR gene–> fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)

28
Q

Decrease AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities

29
Q

Degeneration of dorsal column nerves

A

Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphillis) subacute combined degernation (dorsal columns and lateral corticospinal tracts affected)

30
Q

Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra

A

Parkinsons disease; basal ganglia disorder)

31
Q

Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum

A

Curshmann spirals (bronchial asthma; resluts in whorled mucus plugs)

32
Q

Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid

A

Call0Exner bodies (granulosa-theca cell tumor of ovary)

33
Q

Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia

A

Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)

34
Q

Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies

A

Owl eye of CMV

35
Q

Enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuclei

A

‘orphan annie’ eyes nuclei in papillary carcinoma of thyrpoid

36
Q

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell

A

Mallory Body (alcoholic liver disease)

37
Q

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell

A

Lewy body of Parkinson disease

38
Q

Eosinophilic globule in liver

A

Councilman body–viral or toxic hepatitis, often yellow fever)

39
Q

Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebral nerve cells

A

Negri bodies of rabies

40
Q

Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter

A

Senile plaques (Alzheimer disease)

41
Q

Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions (owl eye)

A

Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodkin lymphoma

42
Q

Glomerulus like structure surrounding vessels in germ cells

A

Schiller-Duval bodies = yolk sac tumor

43
Q

“hair on end” crew cut appearance on xray

A

B-thalessemia, sickel cell anemia (marrow expansion)

44
Q

hCG elevation

A

Choriocarcinoma, hydatiform mole

45
Q

Heart nodules (granulomatous)

A

Aschoff bodies from rheumatic fever

Step 1 Prep (28 decks)

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