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Step 1 Prep > FA: Rapid Review > Flashcards

FA: Rapid Review Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly

A

Budd-chiaria Syndrome (posthepatic venous throbmosis)

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2
Q

Achilles tendo xanthoma

A

Famililia hypercholesterolemia (Low LDL R signaling)

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3
Q

aortic dissection, hyperflexible , arachnodactyly, lens dislocation

A

Marfans–fibrillin defect

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4
Q

+ anterior drawer sign

A

Anterior Cruciate ligament injury

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5
Q

Adrenal hemorrhage, hypOtension, DIC

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (menigococcemia)

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6
Q

Athlete with polycythemia

A

secondary to EPO injection

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7
Q

Back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss

A

Pott disease (vertebral TB)

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8
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis

A

Sacroidosis (noncaseating granulomas)

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9
Q

Blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (type I collagen defect)

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10
Q

bluish line on gingiva

A

Burton line (lead poisoning)

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11
Q

Bone pain/enlargement, arthritis

A

Pagets (increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)

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12
Q

Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbin

A

Aortic regurgitation

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13
Q

Butterfly facial rash and raynaud phenomenon in young female

A

SLE

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14
Q

Cafe-au-lait spots, polyostotic firbrous dysplasia, precocoius puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities

A

McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)

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15
Q

Cafe-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma)

A

Neurofibromatosis type I (+pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas)

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16
Q

Calf pseudohypertrophy

A

Muscular dystrophy (often Duchennes); X linked recessive deletion of dystrophin

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17
Q

“Cherry red spots” on macula

A

Tay-sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or Neimann-Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation), central retina artery occlusion

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18
Q

chest pain on exertion

A

angina (stable: with moderate exertion; unstable; with minimal)

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19
Q

chest pain, pericardial effusion/frx rub, persistent fever following MI

A

Dressler syndrome (autoimmune mediated post MI fibrinous pericarditis, 1-12 wks after acute episode)

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20
Q

Child uses arms to stand up from squat

A

Gowers sign (Duchenne muscular dystrophy)

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21
Q

Child with fever later develops rash on face that spreads to body

A

“Slapped cheeks” (erthythema infectiosum/5th disease; parvovirus B19)

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22
Q

Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration

A

Huntington disease (autosomal dominant CAG repeat expansion)

23
Q

Chronic exercise intolerance w/ myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria

A

McArdle Disease (muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)

24
Q

Cold intolerance

A

Hypothyroidism

25
Q

Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia

A

Internuclear opthalmaoplegia (damage to MLF; bilateral [mutliple sclerosis], unlateral [stroke])

26
Q

Contiuous machine like heart murmur

A

PDA… close with indomethacin; open or maintain with misoprostol

27
Q

Cutaneous/dermal edema d/t CT deposition

A

Myxedema (cause by hypothyroidism, Graves disease [pretibial])

28
Q

Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in pt w/ AIDS

A

Kaposis sarcoma, associated with HHV-8

29
Q

Deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation

A

Kussmaul respirations (diabetic ketoacidosis)

30
Q

dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

A

Pellagra (niacin [Vitamin b3]) deficiency

31
Q

dog or cat bite–> infection

A

Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis at inoculation site)

32
Q

dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis

A

Sjogren syndrome (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)

33
Q

Dysphagia (esophageal webs) glossitis, Fe deficiency, anemia

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)

34
Q

Elastic skin, hypermobility of joints

A

Ehlers-Danlos (type III collagen)

35
Q

enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node

A

Virchow node (abdominal metastasis)

36
Q

erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells

A

myosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma) or Sezary syndrome (myocosis fungoides + malignant T cells in blood)

37
Q

Facial muscle spasm upon tapping

A

Chvostek sign (hypoCa++)

38
Q

fate, female, forty, fertile

A

Cholelithiasis (gall stones)

39
Q

fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic tx for syphillis

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release)

40
Q

fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash

41
Q

fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis

A

Peyronie disease (CT disorder)

42
Q

fever, night sweats, weight loss

A

B symptoms (staging) of lymphoma

43
Q

gout, intellectual disability, self-mutalating behaviour

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency, X-linked recessive)

44
Q

green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings (Copper accumulation from Wilson disease)

45
Q

Hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (inherited, benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction; increase risk of cancer, mainly GI)

46
Q

hepatosplenomegaly, osteoporosis, neurologic symptoms

A

Gaucher disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)

47
Q

Hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts

A

Alport Syndrome (mutation in collagen IV)

48
Q

hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility

A

Kluver-Bucy syndrome (bilateral amygdala lesion)

49
Q

Hyperreflexia, hypertonia, babinski sign present

A

UMN damage

50
Q

Hyporeflexia, hypotonia, atrophy, fasciculations

A

LMN damage

51
Q

Hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia

A

“Blue Bloater”–chronic bronchitis; hyperplasia of mucous cells

52
Q

Indurated, ulcerated genital lesion

A

Nonpainful; chancre (primary syphillis; Treponema pallidum)

Painful with exudate: chancroid; Haemophilus ducreyi

53
Q

infant with cleft lip/palate, microcephaly or holoprosencephaly, polydactyly, cutis aplasia

A

Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)

54
Q

Infant with FTT, hepatosplenomegaly, neurodegeneration

A

Niemann-Pick disease (genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency)

Step 1 Prep (28 decks)

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