March 16 test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How is t 1/2 calculated and how long does it take for a drug to reach steady state?

A

Half life= 0.7 x Vd/CL

A drug infused at a constant rate takes 4-5 half-lives to reach steady state

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2
Q

How is maintenance dose calculated?

A

Cp x CL x dosage interval/F

Dosage interval–time between doses if NOT administered continuously

F= bioavailability, which = 1 if given IV

Cp= target plasma concentration at steady state

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3
Q

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome involves attachment of epidermolytic toxins A and B to what?

A

Desmoglein 1 –involves the desmosomes

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4
Q

Name the microtubule inhibitors and their MOA…

A

Paclitaxel–hyperstabilize microtubules

Vincristine and vinblastine–prevent microtubule assembly

Both develop resistance through B-tubulin mutation

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5
Q

What is the MOA of action of Dantrolene?

A

Prevents release of Ca++ from the SR of skeletal muscle by binding to the ryanodine receptor

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6
Q

What is the toxidrome of TCA overdose

A

3 C’s

Coma
Convulsions
Cardiotoxicity

Tx: NaHCO3

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7
Q

Patient is on Haloperidol, a antipsychotic, and develops Tardive dyskinesia. They are switched to Clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic. What is the most common side effect with this drug?

A

Agranulocytosis–Must watch bone marrow CLOZely with CLOZapine

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8
Q

How is loading dose calculated?

A

Cp x Vd/F

Remember F is 1 if given IV

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9
Q

What type of reaction is seen with a PPD?

A

Type IV HSR–Sensitized lymphocytes encounter antigen

T-cell mediated response

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10
Q

What test is used to Dx latent or active TB and measures the interferon-g released from WBC?

A

Quantiferon-TB gold test

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11
Q

Struvite stones are caused by infection from what type of organism?

A

Urease producing microorganism

-Proteus, Klebsiella, Staph saprophyticus

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12
Q

Which inhaled anesthetic is associated with hepatotoxicity?

A

Halothane

Also the biggest propensity to cause malignant hyperthermia

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13
Q

Which inhaled anesthetic is associated with nephrotoxicity?

A

Methoxyflurane

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14
Q

Which inhaled anesthetic is associated with convulsions?

A

Enflurane

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15
Q

Which inhaled anesthetic is associated with airway irritation?

A

Desflurane

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16
Q

Name the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors…

A

Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Sertraline
Citalopram

FLashback PARalyze SEnior CITizens

17
Q

What Chemo agents inhibit topoisomerase II?

A

Etoposide and teniposide

18
Q

What chemo agents inhibit topoisomerase I?

A

Irinotecan and topotecan

19
Q

Severe heart failure and renal dysfunction require what type of diuretic?

A

Loop diuretic – furosemide

20
Q

What diuretic is CI with severe HF due to the possibility of worsening the HF?

A

Mannitol

21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of metronidazole?

A

Formation of intracellular toxic metabolites in bacteria

22
Q

H. pylori infection is associated with development of what carcinoma?

A

MALToma – low grade type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma