Map Reading and Land Navigation Flashcards
What regulation covers Map Reading and Land Navigation?
TC 3-25.26
What is the definition of cartography?
the art and science of expressing the known physical features of the earth graphically by maps and charts
What is the definition of a map?
a graphic representation of a portion of the earth’s surface drawn to scale, as seen from above
What information does a map provide?
information on the existence, the location of, and the distance between ground features, such as populated places and routes of travel and communication; It also indicates variations in terrain, heights of natural features, and the extent of vegetation cover
What size maps are there?
- Small; Those maps with scales of 1:1,000,000
- Medium; Those maps with scales larger than 1:1,000,000 but smaller than 1:75,000
- Large; Those maps with scales of 1:75,000 and larger
What are the different types of maps?
- Planimetric Map
- Topographic Map
- Photomap
- Joint Operations Graphics
- Photomosaic
- Terrain Model
- Military City Map
- Special Maps
What is a planimetric map?
map that presents only the horizontal positions for the features represented
What is a topographic map?
a map that portrays terrain features in a measurable way (usually through use of contour lines), as well as the horizontal positions of the features represented
What is a photomap?
a reproduction of an aerial photograph upon which grid lines, marginal data, place names, route numbers, important elevations, boundaries, and approximate scale and direction have been added
What is a Joint Operations Graphic?
maps based on the format of standard 1:250,000 medium-scale military topographic maps, but they contain additional information needed in joint air-ground operations
What is a photomosaic?
an assembly of aerial photographs that is commonly called a mosaic in topographic usage
What is a Terrain Model?
a scale model of the terrain showing features, and in large-scale models showing industrial and cultural shapes
What is a Military City Map?
a topographic map (usually at 1:12,550 scale, sometimes up to 1:5,000), showing the details of a city
What are Special Maps?
These are maps for special purposes, such as trafficability, communications, and assault maps
What are the seven types of substitute maps?
- Foreign Maps
- Atlases
- Geographic Maps
- Tourist Road Maps
- City/Utility Maps
- Field Sketches
- Aerial Photographs
What are the colors on a military map?
- Black. Indicates cultural (man-made) features such as buildings and roads, surveyed spot elevations, and all labels.
- Red-Brown. The colors red and brown are combined to identify cultural features, all relief features, nonsurveyed spot elevations, and elevation, such as contour lines on red-light readable maps
- Blue. Identifies hydrography or water features such as lakes, swamps, rivers, and drainage
- Green. Identifies vegetation with military significance, such as woods, orchards, and vineyards
- Brown. Identifies all relief features and elevation, such as contours on older edition maps, and cultivated land on red-light readable maps
- Red. Classifies cultural features, such as populated areas, main roads, and boundaries, on older maps
What are the units of measurement used for direction?
- Degree. The most common unit of measure is the degree
- Mil. Another unit of measure, the mil (abbreviated ), is used mainly in artillery, tank, and mortar gunnery
- Grad. The grad is a metric unit of measure found on some foreign maps
What are the three different types of contour?
- Index
- Intermediate
- Supplementary
What are the three different types of slopes?
- Gentle
- Steep
- Concave
- Convex
What are the Five Major Terrain Features?
- Hill
- Saddle
- Valley
- Ridge
- Depression
What are the three minor terrain features?
- Draw
- Cliff
- Spur
What are the supplementary terrain features?
- Cut
2. Fill
What does OCOKA stand for?
- Observation and Fields of Fire
- Cover and Concealment
- Obstacles
- Key Terrain
- Avenues of Approach
What are the Navigation Methods?
- Dead Reckoning
- Moving by Terrain Association
- Combination of Techniques
What are the four steps to land navigation?
- Know where you are
- Plan the route
- Stay on the route
- Recognize the objective
