many question Flashcards
pmp prep
The team is working on a significant project. The stakeholders emphasize on-time delivery but, the team frequently encounters unforeseen scope changes. Which quality metric is recommended to maintain efficiency while handling the changes?
a.
Customer satisfaction score
b.
Number of defects
c.
Change request turnaround time
d.
Test coverage rate
Change request turnaround time allows the team to measure the time it takes to process a change request which will help monitor project delays due to scope changes. Other metrics like the number of defects, test coverage rate, customer satisfaction score and more are not directly related to managing scope changes.
The project stakeholders want to know overall progress and quality of work produced by the team. They are interested in visual representations rather than textual data. Which metric should the team use?
a.Risk Register Updates
b.Root Cause Analysis
c.Earned Value Management (EVM)
d.Quality Control Measurement
Earned Value Management (EVM) provides graphical representations, which help stakeholders quickly understand a project’s overall status, including schedule and cost performance. Other alternatives typically provide textual data and do not offer a complete overview.
Formulas for BTC
ETC = ETAC - AC
ETC = BAC/CPI - AC
ETC = (BAC-EV)/CPI
Your construction project has fallen behind schedule due to unexpected weather conditions. You need to adjust your resource scheduling to compensate for the delay. What technique could help you optimize your resource utilization while also shortening your project duration?
a.Monte Carlo Simulation
b.Fast tracking
c.Crashing
d.Resource leveling
Resource leveling is used to optimize resource allocation and minimize gaps while maintaining the sequential order of activities. This will help you speed up your project without violating the critical activities’ sequence. Other techniques mentioned may not address the specific issue or might introduce other risks.
Your team is working on a software upgrade project with multiple dependencies between tasks. You recently discovered that one of the critical resources assigned to a task is not available at the required time. Which scheduling technique helps you reorganize the schedule to accommodate this change?
a.Program Evaluation and Review Technique
b.Time-boxing
c.Resource constrained scheduling
d.Resource leveling
Resource constrained scheduling is used when the availability of critical resources becomes the primary constraint for the project. This technique allows you to rearrange the schedule considering dependencies and resource availability. Other techniques mentioned are not specifically tailored for handling resource constraints.
You are managing a large construction project with an aggressive timeframe. You noticed that there are a large number of wasted hours due to the lengthy onboarding process for new hires. Which resource scheduling technique can best optimize this issue?
a.Critical chain project management
b.Crashing
c.Resource smoothing
d.Monte Carlo Analysis
Resource smoothing does not modify the project end date, but it redistributes work within the available times to prevent overuse or underuse of resources. Thus, it can help reduce the preparation time needed for the new hires thus optimizing the onboarding process.
You are managing a large construction project with an aggressive timeframe. You noticed that there are a large number of wasted hours due to the lengthy onboarding process for new hires. Which resource scheduling technique can best optimize this issue?
a.Critical chain project management
b.Crashing
c.Resource smoothing
d.Monte Carlo Analysis
Resource smoothing does not modify the project end date, but it redistributes work within the available times to prevent overuse or underuse of resources. Thus, it can help reduce the preparation time needed for the new hires thus optimizing the onboarding process.
Configuration management system CMS
Configuration management system CMS is used to track and manage changes to project artifacts and documentation. It helps in maintaining version control of documents and control access to the documents throughout the project lifecycle
A configuration management system CMS
A configuration management system is a good change control tool in this situation since it tracks and manages components and their relationships within a project to ensure compatibility and maintain integrity.
In the context of a competitor potentially launching a similar product before you do, What RISK RESPONSE TO TAKE
In the context of a competitor potentially launching a similar product before you do, there might not be a direct action that could prevent this from happening since it’s outside the control of the project team. Acceptance is a risk response strategy that might be chosen when it is not possible or practical to respond to a risk by the other strategies (enhance, mitigate, transfer, exploit, share).
Project assumptions
Project assumptions are unverified beliefs about the project that are taken as true for planning purposes. They are used to fill in gaps in knowledge or to simplify planning. Assumptions are typically recorded in the project scope statement and are reviewed and refined throughout the project. It is important to verify assumptions as soon as possible in the project lifecycle to avoid the risks associated with incorrect assumptions
The Delphi method
The Delphi method is the process of gathering a panel of experts and engaging in several rounds of questions about how to make certain business decisions or solve an organizational problem. Every answer the experts provide is anonymous. After each round, facilitators review and sort through all the answers
Answering Questions on Resource Leveling in an Exam
Remember:
resource leveling can extend the project schedule and the original critical path might be changed.
Don’t forget:
it never increases resources, it redistributes them.
Resource smoothing is used to
Resource smoothing is used to balance the workload by making maximum use of the available resources over a period without changing the project timescale
Resource-dependent scheduling
Resource-dependent scheduling is an approach that takes into account the availability and abilities of individual resources to create a realistic project schedule.
Project Manager Lisa becomes aware of escalating stress levels within her team. She decides to address it. What should be her first step according to the PMBOK Seventh Edition?
a.
Ignore it, hoping it will resolve on its own over time
b.
Identify the causes of the stress
c.
Immediately provide stress management training to each team member
d.
Dismiss the stressed team members
According to the PMBOK Guide, the first step in managing workplace stress should be identifying the root causes. Lisa needs to understand what is causing stress among her team members before taking any actions like training or team building activities.
You are managing a construction project. One of the workers is refusing to wear his safety helmet because it’s uncomfortable. What should be your response?
a.
Fire him on the spot
b.
Ignore the situation and allow him to decide
c.
Allow him to work without a helmet
d.
Enforce the mandatory use of PPE and suggest possible solutions to make it more comfortable
Your responsibility as a project manager includes ensuring the safety of your team. This includes enforcing mandatory safety measures like PPE. However, you can also show consideration by suggesting solutions for the discomfort.
You are managing a road construction project. Most of the PPE provided is not the correct size for the team. What must you do?
a.
Ask the team members to adjust with the provided PPE
b.
Tell the team members to bring their own PPE
c.
Ignore the issue assuming the current size should be fine
d.
Procure appropriately sized PPE for all team members
Wearing the right sized PPE is crucial for the safety of team members, as ill-sized PPE can lead to accidents. The manager should ensure that all team members have correctly sized PPE.
During a project at a chemical plant, it was identified during a risk assessment that a team member is allergic to a component of the mandatory PPE. What should your action be?
a.
Ask them to continue without using the PPE
b.
Make them responsible for sourcing their own PPE
c.
Remove the member from the team permanently
d.
Source an alternative type of PPE that doesn’t contain the allergen
In such cases, the manager should prioritize the safety and health of the team member and source alternative PPE that does not contain the allergen. Making them work without PPE or providing medication are not proper solutions as they can lead to health risks.
During a project involving welding, a team member’s mask gets damaged. What do you suggest?
a.
Provide the team member with a replacement prior to continuing the work
b.
Ask another member to do the welding
c.
Tell the member to continue work but avoid looking at the spark
d.
Ignore the issue and continue working
Safety equipment like welding masks are essential for the worker’s protection. Damaged equipment should be replaced immediately to prevent accidents or harm.
During the project execution, a fire breaks out in the project site. What is the first action you should take according to the PMBOK guide?
a.
Contact the project stakeholders
b.
Document the incident for future reference
c.
Estimate the damage costs
According to PMBOK guide, the first action in any emergency should be to ensure the safety of the team. The safety of the project team comes before any project considerations. All the other options, although important, come after ensuring everyone’s safety.
A project involving building a data center is underway. The project manager needs to calculate the probability of meeting the $1.5M budget using a series of variables. Which quantitative risk analysis tool should be used?
a.Expected Monetary Value Analysis
b.Decision Tree Analysis
c.Sensitivity Analysis
d.Monte Carlo Simulation
Monte Carlo Simulation is used to understand the impact of risk and uncertainty in prediction and forecasting models. It provides a range of possible outcomes and the probabilities they will occur for any choice of action.
In a project dealing with the manufacturing of electric vehicles, the assembly line has historical downtime data following a normal distribution with a mean of 45 minutes and a standard deviation of 15 minutes. The client requests a 95% confidence level for assembly line downtimes. What range of downtime should the project manager estimate?
a.45 to 75 minutes
b.30 to 60 minutes
c.15 to 75 minutes
d.15 to 45 minutes
For a 95% confidence level with a normal distribution, the range should be within ±2 standard deviations of the mean. In this case, it would be (45-2x15) to (45+2x15), which is 15 to 75 minutes.
You are the project manager for a software development project and have decided to outsource a part of the project due to lack of technical expertise in-house. What should be the most important consideration while developing a contract for the same?
a.
Office layout where outsourced team will be working
b.
The specific scope of work for the outsourced part
c.
Contractual obligations of other vendors
d.
The overall project management plan
It’s key to any contract that the specific scope of work to be performed is clear, accurate and detailed. It forms the basis for agreement between parties and helps avoid misunderstanding later.
You are a project manager for a software development project, and you need to acquire services from a third-party vendor. The team has already provided a list of necessary services. What should you do next?
a.
Ensure the project scope is complete
b.
Create a procurement management plan
c.
Choose a vendor from the list
d.
Begin contract negotiations
In the Plan Procurement Management process, the project manager needs to create a procurement management plan which includes the types and quantities of products or services to be acquired, procurement strategy, and procurement criteria. The other options involve later steps in the process or are unrelated to procurement management.
You’ve just received a vendor’s response to a Request for Proposal (RFP) and the proposal doesn’t meet all the stated requirements. What should you do next?
a.
Evaluate the proposal as it is and compare it to other responses
b.
Send the proposal back to the vendor and ask for a complete response
c.
Request additional compensation for incomplete work
d.
Immediately reject the proposal without evaluation
Evaluating the proposal as it is and comparing it to other responses allows you to have a better understanding of which vendor can meet your needs. Rejecting the proposal without evaluation or sending it back might not be the best approach, as the vendor may have solutions that can still be considered. Requesting additional compensation, revising the RFP specifications, or proceeding with negotiations are inappropriate responses to incomplete requirements.
You are managing a software development project and need to select an appropriate contract type. The project is considered high risk and the potential cost overruns could be significant. What type of contract should you choose for this project?
a.
Fixed Price Incentive Fee (FPIF)
b.
Firm Fixed Price (FFP)
c.
Time and Materials (T&M)
d.
Cost Plus Incentive Fee (CPIF)
CPIF is the correct choice for this high-risk project as it shares the risk and the opportunity for cost overruns between the buyer and seller. It incentivizes the seller to reduce costs and provides cost protection for the buyer. FPIF, FFP, and T&M are inappropriate for high-risk projects, while CPFF and CPAF do not provide the same level of cost protection and incentives as CPIF.
The procurement department has concerns about the seller’s performance in a project. What report should the project manager provide to assess the procurement performance?
a.
Work Performance Report
b.
Project Status Report
c.
Monthly Financial Report
d.
Seller Performance Evaluation Document
A Seller Performance Evaluation Document is used to evaluate the seller’s performance during the project. This report analyzes the quality of their work and adherence to contractual agreements. Monthly Financial Reports, Project Status Reports, and Work Performance Reports don’t focus specifically on procurement performance, while Scope Statements and Change Request Logs don’t provide an evaluation of the seller.
You are managing a project to reconstruct an antique structure. Your team’s experience with this type of projects is minimal. You have some known parameters but large uncertainties. Which technique might be the most appropriate?
a.
Apply Parametric estimating
b.
Use Three-point estimating
c.
Apply Analogous estimating
d.
Use bottom-up estimating
Analogous estimating allows you to rely on the parameters from a similar past project when there is large uncertainty and less experience. In other methods, the lack of experience might lead you to wrong estimation.
You are a project manager at a software development company. You have successfully gathered your team members to estimate the amount of resources required for an upcoming project. Which technique should you apply to estimate resources?
a.
Parametric Estimating
b.
Analogous Estimating
c.
Bottom-up Estimating
d.
Expert Judgement
Expert Judgement involves consulting experienced subject matter experts to provide resource estimates.
The other options are more focused on estimating time or cost rather than resources.
You are about to make an accurate estimation of resources for an activity in a software development project. The project has a clear scope and detailed specifications. The company has plenty of project data available. Which method is appropriate for estimating resources?
a.
Analogous Estimating
b.
Parametric Estimating
c.
Bottom-up Estimating
d.
Expert Judgement
Parametric Estimating uses mathematical formulas or models based on historical data and project parameters to estimate resources. This technique is more accurate when detailed information and past data are available.
As a project manager, your team has provided information on resource requirements for each sub-activity. You need to calculate the total resources for the entire activity. Which estimating technique suits this situation?
a.
Parametric Estimating
b.
Bottom-up Estimating
c.
Analogous Estimating
d.
Expert Judgement
Bottom-up Estimating involves aggregating resource estimates of individual work packages, component tasks, or sub-activities to determine the total resources for the entire activity.
You are leading a project to create a new mobile application. Your team consists of four developers who have varying levels of experience. You need to estimate the time necessary for the complex coding activity. What is the best practice?
a.
Adopt the Program Evaluation and Review Technique
b.
Apply Goldratt’s critical chain
c.
Use bottom-up estimating
d.
Use top-down estimating
Bottom-up estimating is best suited for complex activities with different experienced team members. Each team member estimates their part of the activity, which are then aggregated into the overall duration estimate.
Other options are not suitable for this particular situation.Bottom-up estimating is best suited for complex activities with different experienced team members. Each team member estimates their part of the activity, which are then aggregated into the overall duration estimate. Other options are not suitable for this particular situation.
The project manager notices that the regular deliverables from a vendor are late. Which procurement performance monitoring method should be used to address this issue?
a.
Critical Path Method
b.
Value analysis
c.
Project charter review
d.
Past Performance Reviews
Critical Path Method will allow the Project Manager to assess the impact of delayed deliverables on the project timeline and find ways to make up for the delay.
The other options fail to address the impact of late deliverables on project schedule and finding ways to recover the delay.
A project manager needs to evaluate the timely delivery of materials from multiple suppliers. Which procurement performance monitoring technique should they use?
a.
Procurement audit
b.
Milestone trend analysis
c.
Cost forecasts
d.
Risk probability and impact assessment
Milestone trend analysis helps in evaluating the progress of suppliers based on the completion of milestones, which is related to the timely delivery of materials.
Other options do not directly address the timely delivery of materials from multiple suppliers.
