Cost of Quality - Quality Management Flashcards
PMP PREP
During a software development project, the team performs manual code reviews and automated testing. What type of cost of quality are these activities considered?
a.Internal failure costs
b.Prevention costs
c.Appraisal costs
d.External failure costs
**Prevention costs are incurred to prevent or avoid potential quality problems. **Manual code reviews and automated testing help to identify and fix issues before they reach the customers, making them prevention costs.
A project manager discovered that a key component of their software product tends to fail after a certain period of usage. They decide to address this problem before shipping out the product. What type of cost of quality does this represent?
a.Appraisal costs
b.External failure costs
c.Internal failure costs
d.Prevention costs
Internal failure costs are associated with defects found before the customer receives the product or service. In this scenario, since the fault is detected and addressed before the customers use the product, it represents an internal failure cost.
During a software development project, a company receives numerous customer complaints about the application crashing frequently. They decide to spend additional time fixing the issue before launching the next version. What type of cost of quality do these fixes represent?
a.Internal failure costs
b.External failure costs
c.Appraisal costs
d.Prevention costs
External failure costs are costs that occur when a product or service fails to meet quality requirements after reaching the customer. In this case, the company is spending additional time fixing customer-reported issues, which falls under external failure costs.
A project team discovers that late deliveries are causing increased customer complaints. They decide to budget for expedited shipping to decrease the complaints. What category of cost of quality is this?
a.Prevention costs
b.Appraisal costs
c.Internal failure costs
d.External failure costs
Appraisal costs are the costs associated with evaluating and measuring the quality of products or services. By budgeting for expedited shipping to prevent future complaints, the project team is identifying ways to evaluate and address potential quality issues, which falls under the category of appraisal costs.
A project team is working on a construction project and realizes that a subcontractor used substandard materials. The team decides to replace the materials before the project is finished. How does this decision impact the cost of quality?
a.Increases appraisal costs
b.Decreases internal failure costs
c.Increases prevention costs
d.Increases internal failure costs
Internal failure costs are costs that occur when a product or service fails to meet quality requirements before reaching customers. Replacing substandard materials before the project is finished falls under internal failure costs, as the issue was identified and addressed before reaching the customer.x²
A company chooses to purchase more precise manufacturing equipment for their production process to reduce the amount of defective units being produced. What type of cost of quality is this?
a.Internal failure costs
b.Appraisal costs
c.Prevention costs
d.External failure costs
Prevention costs are costs incurred to prevent defects from occurring. It includes activities such as :
- training employees,
- or in this case, purchasing more precise manufacturing equipment to produce better quality products.
During a project involving mass production, the team brings in a team of specialists to review and verify product specifications to minimize flaws in the production process. This is an example of what type of cost of quality?
a.Prevention costs
b.Appraisal costs
c.External failure costs
d.Internal failure costs
Appraisal costs relate to quality assurance activities, like testing and inspection, that are designed to catch defects before a product or service is delivered. In this case, the team is brought in to review and verify product specifications, so this reflects appraisal costs.
During a project, the team decided to purchase a high-quality material immediately rather than waiting for the standard materials to arrive. Which type of cost of quality does this reflect?
a.Appraisal costs
b.External failure costs
c.Internal failure costs
d.Prevention costs
Appraisal costs are associated with measuring and monitoring activities related to quality. These activities are performed to ensure that products meet quality standards. In this case, the cost of purchasing high-quality materials at a higher price or sooner is an appraisal cost to ensure the quality of the final product.
A project manager wants to reduce the cost of quality on a manufacturing project. They decide to invest in better training for the workforce. What type of cost of quality are they addressing?
a.Appraisal costs
b.Prevention costs
c.Internal failure costs
d.External failure costs
Prevention costs are incurred to prevent or avoid potential quality problems. By investing in better training for the workforce, the project manager is attempting to reduce the likelihood of quality issues in the manufacturing process, addressing prevention costs.
Project X was designed and developed with high precision and no defects were found during testing. However, upon release, a number of customers reported issues. Which cost of quality is demonstrated by fixing these issues?
a.Internal failure costs
b.Prevention costs
c.Appraisal costs
d.External failure costs
External failure costs occur when a defect is found after the customer receives the product. They may include warranty costs, returns, or repairs needed after delivery. In this case, fixing issues reported by the customer falls under external failure costs.
LINK
https://trustedinstitute.com/concept/pmp/quality-management/cost_of_quality/
Appraisal costs VS Prevention costs
Prevention costs are the costs of planning, training, designing, and implementing quality activities to avoid defects.
Appraisal costs are the costs of inspecting, testing, auditing, and measuring quality to identify defects.
Both types of costs are necessary to ensure quality, but they also have a trade-off
ENG –> AR + FR
preventive cost
apraisal cost
defect cost
تكلفة الوقاية
تكلفة تقييم
تكلفة العيب
coût de la prévention
coût d’évaluation
coût du défaut
detailed info
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQDgxH6pRbs
