MANDATORY CPAP exam 2 info Flashcards

1
Q

Daltons Law

A

total atmospheric pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of all the gases

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2
Q

Why can’t you breath as easy at higher elevation?

A

The O2 levels are still the same, however, the decrease in atmospheric pressure is what makes it harder to breath.

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3
Q

Diffusion

A

Random movement of gases across the AC membrane

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4
Q

PA02 (O2 in the alveoli) pressure

A

100mmHg

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5
Q

How long does it normally take blood to pass through the capillary while someone is at rest?

A

0.75 sec

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6
Q

On spontaneous inspiration, what pressures change?

A

Both the intra alveolar and intra pleural pressures DECREASE

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7
Q

Pleural pressure change in normal breathing vs deep inspiration

A

Normal: pleural pressure changes 3-6cmH2O(2-4mmHg)
Deep: pleural pressure drops to -50cmH2O

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8
Q

Pleural pressur change in forced exhalation

A

+70 to +100cmH2O

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9
Q

Lung Compliance on ventilator equation

A

Tidal Volume/ (plat-PEEP)

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10
Q

Surface tension makes the alveoli stay open or closed?

A

Surface tension wants to pull the alveolus closed while the surfactant helps decrease this force.

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11
Q

Normal dead space/tidal volume ratio

A

25%-35%

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12
Q

Best position for increasing ventilation

A

Fowler’s (sitting up)

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13
Q

Bohr equation and what it solves

A

Paco Peco formula and it helps find the dead space ratio

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14
Q

If the RAW is increased, what will the ventilatory pattern look like?

A

decreased RR with increased tidal volume

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15
Q

If lung compliance is decreased what will the ventilatory pattern look like?

A

increased RR with lower tidal volume

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16
Q

Normal RAW range

A

0.5-1.5cmH20/L/sec

17
Q

Normal lung compliance

A

50 to 100mL/cmH20

18
Q

If you decrease minute ventilation by 50% what will happen to the CO2

A

CO2 will double

19
Q

In diffusion, the PaO2 level reflects what?

20
Q

In diffusion, the PaCO2 level reflects what?

A

ventilation

21
Q

What happens to diffusion rates during exercise?

A

Blood passes through the capillary at a quicker rate than the normal 0.75 sec, but its okay because it only takes the gas 0.25 sec to diffuse.

22
Q

Which gas is used during the DLCO test?

A

Carbon monoxide, and its used because it diffuses across the AC membrane 200 times faster than O2 and CO2

23
Q

The pressure of water vapor is always what?

A

PH2O is always 47mmHg in the venous, arterial, and lung

24
Q

PvCO2 level

25
PACO2 level
40mmHg
26
under normal conditions, the diffusion of oxygen is perfusion limited or diffusion limited
normally O2 is perfusion limited
27
The DLCO is the primary test to diagnose what disorder?
Emphysema
28
Example of diffusion limited
Emphysema
29
Ficks Law
diffusion rate directly proportional to surface area
30
water vapor pressure
Always 47mmHg
31
Alveolar minute ventilation
(VT-VD) x RR
32
When can static compliance be obtained?
During a breath hold, which is found by plateau-PEEP (PEEP is also called baseline)
33
Poiseuille Law- radius vs flow
If a tubes radius increases by 1/2, the flow will increase 16 times. Has a positive correlation*
34
Poiseuille Law-radius vs pressure
decrease radius by 1/2, pressure required would be 16 times more to maintain the same flow