MANDATORY CPAP exam 2 info

Question 1

Daltons Law

Answer 1

total atmospheric pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of all the gases

Question 2

Why can’t you breath as easy at higher elevation?

Answer 2

The O2 levels are still the same, however, the decrease in atmospheric pressure is what makes it harder to breath.

Question 3

Diffusion

Answer 3

Random movement of gases across the AC membrane

Question 4

PA02 (O2 in the alveoli) pressure

Answer 4

100mmHg

Question 5

How long does it normally take blood to pass through the capillary while someone is at rest?

Answer 5

0.75 sec

Question 6

On spontaneous inspiration, what pressures change?

Answer 6

Both the intra alveolar and intra pleural pressures DECREASE

Question 7

Pleural pressure change in normal breathing vs deep inspiration

Answer 7

Normal: pleural pressure changes 3-6cmH2O(2-4mmHg)
Deep: pleural pressure drops to -50cmH2O

Question 8

Pleural pressur change in forced exhalation

Answer 8

+70 to +100cmH2O

Question 9

Lung Compliance on ventilator equation

Answer 9

Tidal Volume/ (plat-PEEP)

Question 10

Surface tension makes the alveoli stay open or closed?

Answer 10

Surface tension wants to pull the alveolus closed while the surfactant helps decrease this force.

Question 11

Normal dead space/tidal volume ratio

Answer 11

25%-35%

Question 12

Best position for increasing ventilation

Answer 12

Fowler’s (sitting up)

Question 13

Bohr equation and what it solves

Answer 13

Paco Peco formula and it helps find the dead space ratio

Question 14

If the RAW is increased, what will the ventilatory pattern look like?

Answer 14

decreased RR with increased tidal volume

Question 15

If lung compliance is decreased what will the ventilatory pattern look like?

Answer 15

increased RR with lower tidal volume

Question 16

Normal RAW range

Answer 16

0.5-1.5cmH20/L/sec

Question 17

Normal lung compliance

Answer 17

50 to 100mL/cmH20

Question 18

If you decrease minute ventilation by 50% what will happen to the CO2

Answer 18

CO2 will double

Question 19

In diffusion, the PaO2 level reflects what?

Answer 19

shows

Question 20

In diffusion, the PaCO2 level reflects what?

Answer 20

ventilation

Question 21

What happens to diffusion rates during exercise?

Answer 21

Blood passes through the capillary at a quicker rate than the normal 0.75 sec, but its okay because it only takes the gas 0.25 sec to diffuse.

Question 22

Which gas is used during the DLCO test?

Answer 22

Carbon monoxide, and its used because it diffuses across the AC membrane 200 times faster than O2 and CO2

Question 23

The pressure of water vapor is always what?

Answer 23

PH2O is always 47mmHg in the venous, arterial, and lung

Question 24

PvCO2 level

Answer 24

46mmHg

Question 25

PACO2 level

Answer 25

40mmHg

Question 26

under normal conditions, the diffusion of oxygen is perfusion limited or diffusion limited

Answer 26

normally O2 is perfusion limited

Question 27

The DLCO is the primary test to diagnose what disorder?

Answer 27

Emphysema

Question 28

Example of diffusion limited

Answer 28

Emphysema

Question 29

Ficks Law

Answer 29

diffusion rate directly proportional to surface area

Question 30

water vapor pressure

Answer 30

Always 47mmHg

Question 31

Alveolar minute ventilation

Answer 31

(VT-VD) x RR

Question 32

When can static compliance be obtained?

Answer 32

During a breath hold, which is found by plateau-PEEP (PEEP is also called baseline)

Question 33

Poiseuille Law- radius vs flow

Answer 33

If a tubes radius increases by 1/2, the flow will increase 16 times. Has a positive correlation*

Question 34

Poiseuille Law-radius vs pressure

Answer 34

decrease radius by 1/2, pressure required would be 16 times more to maintain the same flow