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Reproductive System > Male Reproductive Tract > Flashcards

Male Reproductive Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cutaneous sac of the scrotum derived from?

A

Labioscrotal folds

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2
Q

What is the contents of the cutaneous sac of testicle?

A

Testis
Epididymis
Spermatic cord (first part)

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3
Q

What is the arterial supply of the testes?

A

Testicular arteries (direct branches of abdominal aorta)

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4
Q

Where does the R testicular vein drain?

A

IVC

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5
Q

Where does the L testicular vein drain?

A

Left renal vein

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6
Q

List the contents of the spermatic cord

A 
Testicular artery 
Cremasteric artery 
Artery to vas 
Pampiniform plexus 
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve 
Vas deferens 
Lymphatics
Processus vaginalis
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7
Q

Why do the testes have a pampiniform plexus?

A

The ensure optimum temperature for gametogenesis - cools the arterial blood

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8
Q

What mechanism ensures the testicles are cool enough for gametogenesis?

A

Pampiniform plexus

Hang outside the abdomen

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9
Q

External spermatic fascia is derived from…

A

Aponeurosis of external oblique

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10
Q

Cremasteric muscle and fascia is derived from …

A

Internal oblique

Transversalis

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11
Q

Internal spermatic fascia derived from …

A

Transversalis fascia

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12
Q

Define hydrocoele

A

Serous fluid in tunica vaginalis

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13
Q

Define haematocoele

A

Blood in tunica vaginalis - usually from trauma

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14
Q

Define varicocoele

A

Varicosities in pampiniform plexus - dilations

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15
Q

Define spermatocoele

A

Products of testis accumulating a.k.a epididymal cyst

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16
Q

Why do we use transillumination?

A

Tells the difference between different pathologies of testis
Light shines through - fluid filled
Doesn’t shine through - solid

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17
Q

What is the different between direct and indirect inguinal hernias?

A 
Direct = through wall
Indirect = through inguinal canal
18
Q

How can hernias descend into the scrotum?

A

Reopening of the processus vaginalis creates a route for hernias in the scrotum

19
Q

Where does testicular torsion usually occur?

A

Just above the upper pole of the testicle

20
Q

Why is testicular torsion a surgical emergency?

A

Compression of the testicular artery can lead to necrosis of the testis
Needs managing quickly
And causes intense pain

21
Q

What innervates the anterior testicle?

A

Lumbar plexus

22
Q

What innervates the posterior and inferior testicle?

A

Sacral plexus

23
Q

Where does the testis lymph drain?

A

Para-aortic nodes

24
Q

Where does scrotal lymph drain?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

25
Q

Describe the course of the vas deferens

A 
Ascends in spermatic cord 
Traverses inguinal canal 
Tracks around pelvic side wall
Passes between bladder and ureter
Forms dilated ampulla -> seminal vesicles
Opens into ejaculatory duct
26
Q

Where are the seminal vesicles?

A

Lie between the bladder and the rectum

27
Q

What is the name for the point of combination of SV duct and vas?

A

Ejaculatory duct

28
Q

What are the zones of the prostate?

A

Central
Peripheral
Transitional

29
Q

Which zone of prostate is cancer more common in?

A

Peripheral

30
Q

Which zone is BPH more common in?

A

Transitional

31
Q

Which nodes will prostate cancer met to?

A

Internal iliac

Sacral

32
Q

Where would prostate cancer spread via blood?

A

Internal vertebral plexus -> bone or brain

33
Q

What are the 3 parts to a penis?

A

Root
Body
Glans

34
Q

Describe the basic internal structure of a penis

A

Pair of corpora cavernosa dorsally

Single corpus spongiosum ventrally

35
Q

What is the blood supply to the penis?

A

Branches of the internal pudendal arteries

Which branches off internal iliac

36
Q

What is the role of bulbospongiosus?

A

Helps expel last drops of urine

Helps maintain an erection

37
Q

What is the role of ischiocavernosus?

A

Compresses veins - helps maintain an erection

38
Q

What are the 4 parts of the male urethra?

A

Pre-prostatic
Prostatic
Membranous
Spongy

39
Q

Which part of the male urethra pierces the perineum?

A

Membranous

40
Q

Which is the least distensible part of the male urethra and why?

A

Membranous
Because perineum is thick and rigid
(Bear in mind for catheters)

41
Q

90-95% testicular neoplasms are which type?

A

Germ cell tumours

Reproductive System (17 decks)

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