Histology Flashcards
What do we call the tough CT covering the testes?
Tunica albuginea
What is the tunica vasculosa?
The vascular layer beneath the tunica albuginea
What surrounds each seminiferous tubule?
Perilobar CT and Leydig cells
What do Leydig cells respond to and secrete?
LH responsive
Secrete testosterone
Which cells form the blood-testis barrier?
Sertoli cells
Which cells secrete inhibin?
Sertoli cells
What kind of epithelium lines the rete testis?
Simple cuboidal
What is the true length of the epididymis?
4 - 6 m
Describe the walls of the epididymis
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia
Smooth muscle surrounds
How many layers of smooth muscle does the vas deferens have?
3
From where are the seminal vesicles derived?
Vas deferens
What type of stimulation causes seminal vesicle secretion?
Sympathetic
Where is the prostate gland?
Surrounds the urethra at the base of the bladder
Which zone of the prostate does BPH tend to occur in?
Transition zone
Which zone of the prostate does a carcinoma tend to occur?
Peripheral zone
What are neural crest cells?
Temporary group of cells unique to vertebrates
Arise from ectoderm, at margins of neural tube
Give rise to diverse cell lineage - migrate to many different locations
What is contained within the medulla of the ovary?
Nerves
Blood vessels
CT
Stromal cells
When does the zona pellucida start development?
Primary stage
Finished by antral
What are the stages of follicular development?
Primordial Primary Pre-antral Early antral Mature Corpus luteum
A secondary follicle is the same as which stage?
Pre antral
Pre-pubertal ovaries will contain what kinds of follicles?
Primordial follicles only
Why is there a rich blood supply to the corpus luteum?
To get the hormones into circulation
Name the different parts of the Fallopian tubes
Fimbria Infundibulum Ampulla Intramural part Isthmus
What is the infundibulum?
The bell shaped portion to which fimbria are attached
The walls of the Fallopian tube consist of …
Inner mucosa (columnar epithelium)
Muscular layer
Outer serosa
What are Peg cells?
Non-ciliated cells in the Fallopian tubes that secrete mucus
What are the 2 layers of endometrium?
Stratum basalis
Stratum fucntionalis
How many layers of smooth muscle is in the myometrium?
4
How does the endometrium receive a blood supply?
Arcuate arteries from uterine arteries
Arcuate arteries branch to straight arteries (s. basalis) and coiled arteries (s. functionalis)
What are the 2 layers of stratum functionalis?
Stratum spongiosum
Stratum compactum
Which layer is shed during menses?
Stratum functionalis
Describe the epithelium of the cervix
Most is simple columnar
At the squamocolumnar junction just inside the external Os it changes to stratified non-keratinised squamous
Why does the vagina accumulate glycogen?
Substrate for lactobacilli - maintain the normal acidic pH of the vagina
Does the vagina have glands?
No
How is the vagina lubricated?
Mucus of cervical glands
Vestibular glands
Describe the movement of the squamocolumnar junction
Gradual movement into cervical canal during reproductive life
(Gets higher and higher)
What type of gland is the breast?
Modified sebaceous
How do oestrogen and progesterone contribute to breast development?
Oestrogen - proliferation of duct system
Progesterone - development of secretory tissues
70% of breast malignancies are …
Infiltrating ductal carcinomas
