Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What do we call the tough CT covering the testes?

A

Tunica albuginea

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2
Q

What is the tunica vasculosa?

A

The vascular layer beneath the tunica albuginea

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3
Q

What surrounds each seminiferous tubule?

A

Perilobar CT and Leydig cells

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4
Q

What do Leydig cells respond to and secrete?

A

LH responsive

Secrete testosterone

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5
Q

Which cells form the blood-testis barrier?

A

Sertoli cells

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6
Q

Which cells secrete inhibin?

A

Sertoli cells

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7
Q

What kind of epithelium lines the rete testis?

A

Simple cuboidal

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8
Q

What is the true length of the epididymis?

A

4 - 6 m

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9
Q

Describe the walls of the epididymis

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia

Smooth muscle surrounds

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10
Q

How many layers of smooth muscle does the vas deferens have?

A

3

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11
Q

From where are the seminal vesicles derived?

A

Vas deferens

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12
Q

What type of stimulation causes seminal vesicle secretion?

A

Sympathetic

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13
Q

Where is the prostate gland?

A

Surrounds the urethra at the base of the bladder

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14
Q

Which zone of the prostate does BPH tend to occur in?

A

Transition zone

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15
Q

Which zone of the prostate does a carcinoma tend to occur?

A

Peripheral zone

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16
Q

What are neural crest cells?

A

Temporary group of cells unique to vertebrates
Arise from ectoderm, at margins of neural tube
Give rise to diverse cell lineage - migrate to many different locations

17
Q

What is contained within the medulla of the ovary?

A

Nerves
Blood vessels
CT
Stromal cells

18
Q

When does the zona pellucida start development?

A

Primary stage

Finished by antral

19
Q

What are the stages of follicular development?

A
Primordial
Primary 
Pre-antral
Early antral 
Mature
Corpus luteum
20
Q

A secondary follicle is the same as which stage?

A

Pre antral

21
Q

Pre-pubertal ovaries will contain what kinds of follicles?

A

Primordial follicles only

22
Q

Why is there a rich blood supply to the corpus luteum?

A

To get the hormones into circulation

23
Q

Name the different parts of the Fallopian tubes

A
Fimbria
Infundibulum 
Ampulla 
Intramural part 
Isthmus
24
Q

What is the infundibulum?

A

The bell shaped portion to which fimbria are attached

25
The walls of the Fallopian tube consist of ...
Inner mucosa (columnar epithelium) Muscular layer Outer serosa
26
What are Peg cells?
Non-ciliated cells in the Fallopian tubes that secrete mucus
27
What are the 2 layers of endometrium?
Stratum basalis | Stratum fucntionalis
28
How many layers of smooth muscle is in the myometrium?
4
29
How does the endometrium receive a blood supply?
Arcuate arteries from uterine arteries | Arcuate arteries branch to straight arteries (s. basalis) and coiled arteries (s. functionalis)
30
What are the 2 layers of stratum functionalis?
Stratum spongiosum | Stratum compactum
31
Which layer is shed during menses?
Stratum functionalis
32
Describe the epithelium of the cervix
Most is simple columnar | At the squamocolumnar junction just inside the external Os it changes to stratified non-keratinised squamous
33
Why does the vagina accumulate glycogen?
Substrate for lactobacilli - maintain the normal acidic pH of the vagina
34
Does the vagina have glands?
No
35
How is the vagina lubricated?
Mucus of cervical glands | Vestibular glands
36
Describe the movement of the squamocolumnar junction
Gradual movement into cervical canal during reproductive life (Gets higher and higher)
37
What type of gland is the breast?
Modified sebaceous
38
How do oestrogen and progesterone contribute to breast development?
Oestrogen - proliferation of duct system | Progesterone - development of secretory tissues
39
70% of breast malignancies are ...
Infiltrating ductal carcinomas