Male reproductive system diagnostic &complementary terms

Question 1

multiparametric MRI

Answer 1

magnetic resonance imaging procedure providing information of anatomic structure and physiology for the staging of prostate cancer. It uses a combination of different MRI modalities to better understand the size and extent of prostate tumors

Question 2

transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)

Answer 2

ultrasound procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer. Sound waves are sent and received by a transducer probe that is placed into the rectum

Question 3

prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Answer 3

blood test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigens in the blood. Elevated test results may indication the presence of prostate cancer, urinary or prostatic infection, or excess prostate tissue, as found in benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatitis

Question 4

semen analysis

Answer 4

microscopic observation of ejaculated semen, revealing the size, structure, and movement of sperm; used to evaluate male infertility and to determine the effectiveness of a vasectomy

Question 5

digital rectal examination (DRE)

Answer 5

physical examination in which the healthcare provider inserts a gloved finger into the rectum and palpates the prostate through the rectal wall to determine the size, shape, and consistency of the gland; used to screen for BPH and prostate cancer. BPH usually presents as a uniform, contender enlargement, whereas cancer usually presents as a stony hard nodule.

Question 6

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 6

advanced, chronic immune system suppression caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; manifested by opportunistic infections (such as candidiasis and tuberculosis), neurologic disease (peripheral neuropathy and cognitive motor impairment) and secondary neoplasms (Kaposi sarcoma)

Question 7

artificial insemination

Answer 7

introduction of washed and concentrated sperm into he female reproductive tract; used as a treatment for infertility

Question 8

azoospermia

Answer 8

lack of live sperm in the semen

Question 9

chlamydia

Answer 9

sexually transmitted disease, caused by the bacterium C. trichromatic; sometimes referred to as a silent STD because many people are not aware they have the disease. Symptoms that occur when the disease becomes serious are painful urination and discharge from the penis in men and genital itching, vaginal discharge, and bleeding between menstrual period in women.

Question 10

coitus

Answer 10

sexual intercourse between male and female

Question 11

condom

Answer 11

cover for the penis worn during coitus to prevent conception and spread of STD

Question 12

ejaculation

Answer 12

ejection of semen from the male urethra

Question 13

genital herpes

Answer 13

STD caused by herpes simplex virus type 2

Question 14

gonorrhea

Answer 14

STD caused by a bacterial organism that inflames the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract

Question 15

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 15

StD caused by a retrovirus that infects T-helper cells of the immune system; may also be acquired in utero or transmitted through infected blood via needle sharing. Advanced HIV infection progresses to AIDS

Question 16

human papillomavirus

Answer 16

STD caused by viral infection ; there are more than 40 types of HPV that cause benign or cancerous growths in male and female genitals (genital warts)

Question 17

sexually transmitted disease (STD)

Answer 17

infection spread through sexual contact; STDs affect both male and females, causing damage to reproductive organs and potentially serious health consequences if left untreated

Question 18

syphilis

Answer 18

infection caused by bacterium Treponema pallidum. Rapidly spreads throughout the body, and if untreated becomes systemic and can progress through three stages separated by latent periods. Usually sexually transmitted, but may be acquired in utero and by direct contact with infected skin.

Question 19

trichomoniasis

Answer 19

STD caused by a one-cell organism Trichomonas. It infects the genitourinary tract. Men may be asymptomatic or may develop urethritis, an enlarged prostate gland, or epididymitis. Women may have vaginal itching, dysuria, and vaginal or urethral discharge.