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Medical Terminology > Integumentary disease and disorder terms not built from word parts > Flashcards

Integumentary disease and disorder terms not built from word parts Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abrasion

A

scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

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2
Q

abcess

A

localized collection of pus

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3
Q

acne

A

inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

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4
Q

actinic keratosis

A

precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight. It may evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma

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5
Q

albinism

A

congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

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6
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

malignant epithelial tumor arising from the bottom layer of the epidermis called the basal layer; it seldom metastasizes, but invades local tissue and may recur in the same location. Common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure.

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7
Q

candidiases

A

infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-type fungus Candida albicans.

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8
Q

Candida is normally present in:

A

the mucus membranes; overgrowth causes an infection. Esophageal candidates is often seen in patients with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)

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9
Q

carbuncle

A

infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue composed of a cluster of boils (furuncles) caused by staphylococcal bacteria

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10
Q

cellulitis

A

inflammation of skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection; characterized by redness, pain, heat, and swelling.

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11
Q

contusion

A

injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration (also called bruise)

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12
Q

eczema

A

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

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13
Q

fissure

A

slit or crackle sore in the skin

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14
Q

furuncle

A

painful skin nodule caused by staphylococcal bacteria in the a hair follicle AKA boil

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15
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (form of necrosis)

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16
Q

herpes

A

inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blister in clusters.

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17
Q

Herpes simplex virus 1

A

causes fever and blisters

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18
Q

herpes zoster (shingles)

A

painful skin eruptions the follow nerves inflamed by the virus

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19
Q

impetigo

A

superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci

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20
Q

infection

A

invasion of pathogen in body tissue.

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21
Q

systemic infection

A

occurs when the pathogen causing a local infection gains access to the vascular or lymphatic system and becomes disseminated throughout the body.

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22
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules on the lower extremities that spread through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs; frequently seen with AIDS

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23
Q

laceration

A

torn, ragged-edged wound

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24
Q

lesion

A

any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease. it is a broad term that includes sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors

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25
Q

MRSA infection

A

invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a strain of common bacteria that has developed resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics. It can produce skin and soft tissue infection and sometimes bloodstream infection and pneumonia, which can be fatal if not treated.

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26
Q

pediculosis

A

invasion into the skin and hair by lice

27
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

28
Q

rosacea

A

chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and abnormal dilation of tiny blood vessels, usually occurring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 years.

29
Q

scabies

A

skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs. this condition accompanies by severe itching

30
Q

scleroderma

A

disease characterized by chronic hardening (induration) of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs

31
Q

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

A

malignant growth developing from scalelike epithelial tissue of the surface layer of the epidermis; it invades local tissue and may metastasize. While most commonly appearing on the skin, SCC can occur in other parts of the body including the mouth, lips, and genitals. The most frequent cause is chronic exposure to sunlight.

32
Q

systemic lupus erthematosus (SLE)

A

chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. This autoimmune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. It also may affect other organs.

33
Q

tinea

A

fungal infection of the skin. The fungi may infect keratin of the skin, hair, and nails. AKA ringworm, and tine pedis is also athlete’s foot

34
Q

urticaria

A

itchy skin eruption composed of wheals of varying sizes and shapes. Sometimes associated with infections and with allergic reactions to food, medicine, or other agents. Other causes: internal disease, physical stimuli, and genetic disorders (hives)

35
Q

vitiligo

A

white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes

36
Q

alopecia

A

loss of hair

37
Q

bacteria

A

single-celled microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading body tissue.

38
Q

cicatrix

A

scar

39
Q

cyst

A

closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material

40
Q

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

A

herpes-type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised

41
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweating

42
Q

ecchymosis

A

escape of blood into the skin (or mucous embrace), causing a small, flat, purple, or blue discoloration, as may occur when the blood is withdrawn by a needle and syringe from an arm vein.

43
Q

edema

A

puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid

44
Q

erythema

A

redness

45
Q

fungus

A

organs that feeds by absorbing organic molecules from its surroundings and may cause infection by invading body tissue; single-celled fungi (years) reproduce by budding; multi celled fungi (mold) reproduce by spore formation

46
Q

induration

A

abnormal hard spot or area of skin; may include underlying tissue

47
Q

jaundice

A

condition characterized by a yellow coloring of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera (whites of the eyes) caused by the presence of bile (also called icterus)

48
Q

keloid

A

overgrowth of scar tissue

49
Q

leukoplakia

A

condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membrane, which may be precancerous

50
Q

macule

A

flat, colored spot on the skin

51
Q

nevus

A

circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black , or flesh colored. A congenital nevus is present at birth and is referred to as a birthmark. AKA mole

52
Q

nodule

A

small, knoblike mass that can be felt by touch

53
Q

pallor

A

paleness

54
Q

papule

A

small, solid skin elevation

55
Q

petechia

A

pinpoint skin hemorrhage

56
Q

pressure injury

A

damage of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure, often occurring in bedridden patients; the injury, which may be painful, can present as intact skin or an open ulcer. (bedsore)

57
Q

pruritus

A

itching

58
Q

purpura

A

small hemorrhages in the skin (or mucous membrane), giving a purple-red discoloration; associated with blood disorders or vascular abnormalities

59
Q

pustule

A

elevation of skin containing pus

60
Q

ulcer

A

erosion of the skin or mucous membrane

61
Q

verruca

A

circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus AKA wart

62
Q

vesicle

A

small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid AKA blister

63
Q

virus

A

minute microorganism, much smaller than a bacterium, characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the ability to replicate only within living host cells; may cause infection by invading body tissue

64
Q

wheal

A

transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and a red surrounding area; a wheal is an individual urticaria (hive) lesion.

Medical Terminology (53 decks)

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