Male Reproductive System Flashcards
What does it mean to be fertile?
produce healthy sperm to fertilize an egg
What is potency?
ability to engage in copulation
Describe cryptorchidism
- congenital lesion
- failure of one or both testes to descend to the scrotum
- fail to produce sperm
- prone to testicular neoplasia and torsion of spermatic cord
What causes sperm granulomas?
foreign body inflammatory reaction to sperm which have escaped tubular structures and come into contact with the blood
Describe Interstitial Cell Tumors
- most common in the dog
- derived from endocrine cells of the interstitium
- testicular enlargement is rare
- round, well-demarcated, pale yellow-brown, < 1 cm
- malignancy rare
- may be multiple and bilateral
Describe Seminomas
- tumor of spermatogonia (germ cells)
- generally enlarges the testis
- cryptorchidism is predisposing factor
- no hormonal effects, non-functional
- solitary and unilateral
Describe Sertoli Cell Tumors
- usually enlarges the testis
- has endocrine effects
- cryptorchidism is predisposing factor
- well-demarcated, firm, white/red-brown, may contain cysts
- solitary and unilateral
What are the effects from endocrine production from a sertoli cell tumor?
- atrophy of non-neoplastic testis
- mammary gland and teat enlargement
- reduced libido
- swelling of prepuce
- attractive to other male dogs
- symmetrical alopecia
- prostatic hyperplasia and metaplasia
- bone marrow suppression
What is hematocele?
What is hydrocele?
hematocele: blood fills space in the tunica vaginalis
hydrocele: serous fluid fills the space
Describe a teratoma
- rare tumor, usually in young horses
- usually in the cryptorchid testis
- composed of multiple germ layers
Causes of prostatic atrophy
- normal senile change
- after castration
What is persistent frenulum?
connective tissue joins penis and prepuce
What is hypospadias?
failure to close urogenital groove
What is diphallia?
duplication of penis
What is phimosis?
narrowing of the preputial orifice preventing protrusion of penis
