Male Repro System Flashcards
What are some known risk factors for testicular tumours?
cryptorchid, age, breed, and carcinogen exposure
What are the most common canine testicular tumours?
- Sertoli cell tumour (sustentacular cells)
- Seminoma (spermatic germinal epithelium)
- Leydig/Interstitial cell tumours (interstitial cells of Leydig)
How often do dogs have more than 1 primary testicular tumours?
4-20%
Which tumours are significantly associated with crytorchidism?
Sertoli cell tumours and seminomas (not interstitial cell tumours)
Which breeds are predisposed to testicular tumours?
Boxers, German Shepherd Dogs, Afghan hounds, Weimaraner, Shelties, Collies, and Maltese
Which of the 3 most common testicular tumours in the dog has the lowest metastatic potential?
Leydig cell tumour (rare)
both Sertoli cell tumour and Seminomas have <15% risk of regional or distant metastasis
Which of the 3 most common testicular tumours in the dog is commonly associated with hypoestrogenism?
Sertoli cell tumour (>/= 50%)
What’s the frequency of feminization in dogs with sertoli cell tumours?
17%
What’s the treatment of choice of canine testicular tumours?
bilateral orchiectomy
up to 50% of dogs will have bilateral disease with only 12% being clinically detected in the contralateral testicle
How does it take to resolve signs of hyperestrogenism due to testicular tumours?
1-3 months
What’s the most common prostatic disease in intact vs castrated dogs?
Castrated: prostatic carcinoma
Intact: prostatic cysts and bacterial prostatitis
What’s the most common metastatic site for prostatic tumours?
LNs, lungs
most tumours are locally invasive with high propensity for regional and distant metastasis
What’s the tendency for prostatic carcinoma to metastasize to the bone?
22-42%, predominately to lumbar vertebrae and pelvis
Is normal size prostate in a neutered dog normal?
no…
What’s the % discrepancy between FNA and biopsy for canine prostatic tumour?
20%
What’s the diagnostic utility of prostate specific antigen for canine prostatic tumours?
not useful for definitive diagnosis - not sensitive nor specific (neither is acid phosphatase)
What’s the prognosis of canine prostatic tumour?
- insidious onset
- highly metastatic
- poor prognosis
What’s the outcome of prostatectomy?
- good if caught early on
- MST for intracapsular tumour = 248 days, which is significant better than extracapsular tumours (MST = 138 days)
- but local recurrence and/or distnat metastasis suspected in 30% of cases
What’s the utility of subtotal intracapsular prostaectomy?
compared 10 dogs that underwent total prostatectomy
to 11 dogs that underwent subtotal intracapsular prostatectomy,
the latter procedure was associated with longer mean
STs (112 days vs 20 days) and a decreased rate of postoperative
complications
What’s the advantage/ disadvantage of cystostomy tube?
Advantage: permit urine delivery/ bladder emptying
Disadvantage: still can be urinary incontinent/ stranguric, risk of UTI
What’s the outcome of canine prostatic carcinoma treated with piroxicam or carprofen?
MST = 6.9 months (versus 0.7 months untreated)
What’s the prognosis of feline prostatic tumours?
unclear, they are rare
What’s the clinical behaviour of feline prostatic tumour?
metastasis appears to be common (pancreas, lungs, LNs)
most cats die within 3m of diagnosis
What’s the most common prostatic tumour in the cat?
adenocarcinoma
