Female Repro System Flashcards
What is the most common epithelial ovarian tumour?
1 = epithelial tumours
#2 = sex cord stromal tumors (ex. granlosa-theca cell tumours)
What’s the metastatic rate of ovarian adenocarcinoma?
48%, to peritoneal cavity, intraabodminal LNs, omentum, and liver
What is a sensitive and specific marker for granulosa-theca cell tumour?
INH-alpha
it’s a glycopeptide made in the gonadal cells of the ovaries, inhibits pituitary secretion of FSH
What is the metastatic rate of granulosa-theca cell tumours?
20%
sublumbar LNs, pancreas, lungs and peritoneal carcinomatosis
What’s the most common germ cell tumour?
ovarian seminomas
What’s the metastatic rate of ovarian seminoa?
10-30%
LNs, liver, kidneys, omentum, pancreas, and adrenal glands
What’s the metastatic rate of malignant teratoma?
up to 50%
What is the common metastatic site for malignant teratoma?
peritoneal metastasis with carcinomatosis
What’s the most common ovarian tumour in the cat?
sex cord stromal tumours (more than 50% of all ovarian tumours)
granulosa-theca cell tumour = most common, 50% are malignant
What’s the least common ovarian tumour in the cat?
Epithelial
What’s the most common clinical signs for canine ovarian tumours?
- space occupying mass
- if functional:
- estrogen = vulvar enlargement, sanguineous vulvar, discharge, persistent estrus, alopecia, and aplastic pancytopenia
- progesterone = cystic endometrial
hyperplasia and pyometra
What’s the most common clinical signs for feline ovarian tumours?
signs of space occupying abdominal mass: weight loss, lethargy, vomiting, ascites, and abdominal distension
are often noted. GTCTs are most common, and they are generally
What are the clinical signs of hyperestrogen?
- persistent estrus
- alopecia
- endometrial hyperplasia
Hypercalcemia of malignancy has been reported in which ovarian tumour?
canine ovarian adenocarcinoma
How do malignant vs benign ovarian tumours look on u/s?
Malignant tumours tend to be more solids, and benign tumours are generally cystic with smooth borders
How safe is transdermal needle biopsy in ovarian tumours?
Tumour seeding is high - not advised
What’s the treatment choice for localized ovarian tumours?
OHE
What’ s the likelihood of concurrent uterine abnormalities with ovarian tumours?
up to 50% of dogs
What’s the most common uterine tumour in the dog?
leiomyoma
recall BHD German Shepherd dogs
What’s the most common uterine tumour in the cat?
adenocarcinoma
What are some common clinical signs of uterine tumours?
- abdominal distension
- signs of abdominal space occupying mass
What’s the prognosis of uterine tumours?
Dog - good, as most are benign (OHE = tx of choice)
Cat - not as good as adenocarcinoma can metastasize
What’s the most common vaginal/ vulvar tumour in the cat?
leiomyoma
Do intact or spayed dog more commonly have malignant vaginal/ vulvar tumours?
spayed
What’s the most common vaginal tumours?
benign smooth muscle tumours, polyps, etc (83%)
What’s the most common malignant vaginal tumour?
leiomyosarcoma
What’s the influence of hormones on vaginal leiomyoma in dogs?
recurrence rate was 0% when concurrent OHE performed with tumour removal, compared to 15% recurrence without concurrent OHE
Hypercalcemia of malignancy has been reported with which vagina/ vulvar tumour?
canine clitoral carcinoma
- behaves similar to AGASACA
- locoregional nodal metastasis = common
What’s the treatment for vulvar/ vaginal tumours?
Surgery with concurrent OHE. Wide resection margin not necessary if benign
- can resect at the pedicle of intraluminal masses
What’s the prognosis of vagainl/ vulvar tumours?
benign tumours - surgical excision with OHE = curative
malignant tumours - guarded, due to high rate of local recurrence and metastasis
What’s the long term outcome of dogs with malignant ovarian tumours and malignant abdominal effusion?
Tx = OHE and IV carboplatin
OST = 822-1840 for granulosa-theca cell, vs 617-841 for ovarian adenocarcinoma
