male repro Flashcards
1) Describe the normal appearance of the prostate of a male entire dog.
a) The prostate is hypoechoic and homogeneous, with a fine to medium coarse echotexture and smooth margins.
b) The prostate is of hyperechoic and heterogeneous, with coarse echotexture and smooth margins
c) The prostate is of medium echogenicity and homogeneous, with a fine to medium coarse echotexture and smooth margins
d) The prostate is of medium echogenicity and homogeneous, with a fine to medium coarse echotexture and irregular margins
c
3) It is easy to differentiate between benign prostatic hyperplasia and bacterial prostatitis. True or false.
a)True
b) False
B
Paraprostatic cysts are abnormal fluid filled remnants of which developmental structure?
a) urachus
b) urethra
c) mullerian duct
c
Which is the most common prostatic tumour type?
a) undifferentiated carcinoma
b) transition cell carcinoma
c) Lymphoma
d) adenocarcinoma
d
7) Which type of testicular tumour can be found incidentally in older male entire dogs?
a)seminoma
b) Sertoli cell tumour
c) Leydig cell tumour
c
8) Cryptorchid testicles have a higher incidence of which diseases?
a) torsion
b) malignant neoplasia
c) orchitis
d) atrophy
e) a,b,c and d.
f) a,c and d
g) a,b, and d.
G
true or false: different testicular tumours are easy to distinguish via ultrasound?
false
which testicular tumours can be hormonally active (2)?
seminomas and Sertoli cell tumours
the head of the epididymis is located where?
a) the cranial pole of the testicle
b) the caudal pole of the testicle
A
which is the most frequently found incidental testicular tumour in dogs?
a) seminoma
b) germinoma
c) leydig cell tumour
d) Sertoli cell tumour
C, can occur bilaterally. usually benign
imaging features of acute orchitis
increased size
variable echogenicity
ranging from diffuse echogenicity
changes of the testicle and/or epididymis to complex
masses and anechoic areas subsequent to abscess
formation Fluid may
accumulate within the scrotum or the scrotum may
thicken
which of these does not pass through the inguinal ring in a male enter dog (2)?
a) spermatic fascia and vaginal tunic
b) levator scroti muscle
c) external pudendal vessels
d) pudendal nerve
e) cremaster muscle
B and C are wrong
cats have a levator scroti but it doesn’t go through the inguinal ring.
The spermatic cord is within the vaginal tunic
Adult males- spermatic fascia, vaginal tunic, spermatic cord, cremaster muscle, external pudendal vessels, genitofemoral nerve.
Adult females- fascia, vaginal process and round ligament, fat, external pudendal vessels and genitofemoral nerve.
what is the most common penile tumour in dogs?
a) carcinoma
b) haemangiosarcoma
c) osteosarcoma
d) transmissible venereal tumour
D?
one paper says B in the title
What secondary changes may be seen in dogs with hormonal producing testicular tumours on ultrasound?
Concurrent prostatic changes; benign prostatic hyperplasia/squamous metaplasia; if metastatic, enlarged MILN may be seen
What are potential triggers for testicular atrophy?
Thermal insult, previous orchitis, hormonal influences or vascular compromise
