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ANAT 200 > MALE REPRO > Flashcards

MALE REPRO Flashcards

1
Q

ORGANIZATION what are the gonads

A

testes

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2
Q

ORGANIZATION what is the function of the gonads

A
  1. produce gamete / sex cells (sperm)

2. produce testosterone

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3
Q

ORGANIZATION what is the function of ducts

A
  1. sperm storage
  2. sperm maturation
  3. sperm transportation
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4
Q

ORGANIZATION what is the organ of copulation

A

penis

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5
Q

ORGANIZATION what is the function of accessory glands (3)

A
  1. produce seminal fluid
  2. secretions allow sperm to mature
  3. secretions allow sperm to survive
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6
Q

ORGANIZATION what is the function of parietal peritoneum

A

drape over pelvic organs to separate pelvic cavity from abdominal cavity

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7
Q

what crosses barrier bw pelvic cavity and abdominal cavity in females

A

ovaries

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8
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY where are testes located

A

outside of body

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9
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY what are 2 branches of common iliac vessels

A
  1. internal

2. external

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10
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY what does internal supply

A

pelvic cavity

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11
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY where does sperm maturation occur

A

epididymis

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12
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY what is the function of bulbourethral gland

A

secrete alkaline fluid

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13
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY what is the function of bulbourethral gland

A
  1. neutralize acidity of urine in urethra

2. neutralize acidity of vagina

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14
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY what is seminal vesicle

A

gland

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15
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY what is seminal duct

A

vas deferens + seminal vesicle

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16
Q

PELVIC ANATOMY what is rectovesical pouch

A

space bw urinary bladder + rectum

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17
Q

PERINEAL MUSCLES what kind of muscles are external sphincters made of

A

skeletal, somatic, voluntary

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18
Q

PERINEAL MUSCLES what kind of muscles are internal sphincters made of

A

smooth, autonomic, involuntary

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19
Q

PERINEAL MUSCLES what is the function of external urethral sphincter

A

regulate urethral opening

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20
Q

PERINEAL MUSCLES what is the function of muscles over erectile tissue

A

increase blood flow to maintain erection

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21
Q

PERINEAL MUSCLES what is the function of levator ani

A

support pelvic organs

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22
Q

PERINEAL MUSCLES what is the function of external anal sphincter

A

regulate opening of anus

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23
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what is the function of corpora cavernosa

A

facilitate blood flow to maintain erection

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24
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what does corpus spongiosum contain

A

urethra

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25
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what do curs come together to form

A

corpora cavernosa

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26
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what covers curs

A

ischicavernosus muscle

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27
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what covers bulb

A

bulbospongiosus muscle

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28
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what supplies corpora cavernosa with blood

A

central arteries

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29
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what supplies corpora spongiosum with blood

A

arteries in surrounding CT

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30
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what drains corpora cavernosa + corpora spongiosum

A

veins in surrounding CT

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31
Q

ERECTILE TISSUE AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES what is mechanism for erection

A
  1. parasympathetic stimulation causes erection

2. sympathetic stimulation causes ejaculation

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32
Q

EXTERNAL GENITALIA what makes up spermatic cord (3)

A
  1. vas deferens
  2. pampiniform plexus
  3. testicular artery
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33
Q

EXTERNAL GENITALIA what vasculature is associated w testes

A

testicular artery

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34
Q

EXTERNAL GENITALIA where does testicular artery come from

A

abdominal aorta

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35
Q

EXTERNAL GENITALIA what does semen consist of

A
  1. sperm

2. seminal fluid

36
Q

EXTERNAL GENITALIA what secretes seminal fluid

A

accessory glands

37
Q

EXTERNAL GENITALIA wha is spermatogenesis

A

production of sperm

38
Q

TESTIS what are rete testis / mediastinum

A

network of small tubes in testicles

39
Q

TESTIS how is mediastinum formed

A

posterior bulging of tunica albuginea

40
Q

TESTIS what enters rete testis (3)

A
  1. blood
  2. lymph
  3. nerves
41
Q

TESTIS what is the function of efferent ductules

A

transport sperm from rete testis to epididymis

42
Q

TESTIS what are seminiferous tubules site of

A

sperm production

43
Q

TESTIS where in testes are seminiferous tubules located

A

lobules separated septa

44
Q

TESTIS what are septa of lobules

A

tunica albuginea

45
Q

TESTIS what is tunica albuginea

A

white fibrous CT

46
Q

TESTIS what lines inside of seminiferous tubules

A

germinal / stem epithelium

47
Q

TESTIS what 2 types of cells make up germinal / stem epithelium

A
  1. sertoli cells

2. spermatogenic cells

48
Q

TESTIS what is the function of sertoli cells (5)

A
  1. support developing spermatogenic cells
  2. phagocytize cyto
  3. secrete fructose rich fluid to feed spermatogenic cells
  4. maintain testosterone levels
  5. establish blood-testis barrier
49
Q

TESTIS what is the function of spermatogenic cells

A

develop into sperm

50
Q

TESTIS what kind of cells are located within septa

A

interstitial cells

51
Q

TESTIS what are 2 types of interstitial cells

A
  1. myeloid cells

2. leydig cells

52
Q

TESTIS what is the function of myeloid cells

A

contract to propel sperm into rete testis

53
Q

TESTIS what is the function of leydig cells

A

produce testosterone

54
Q

TESTIS what is the function of testosterone

A

regulate spermatogenesis

55
Q

TESTIS what is the function of tunica vaginalis

A

produce serous fluid that allow testes to move

56
Q

TESTIS what is the function of scrotal cavity

A

hold testes

57
Q

TESTIS what is the epididymis

A

tube where sperm maturation occurs

58
Q

TESTIS what is vas deferens

A

tube where sperm transportation occurs

59
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what are 3 steps of spermatogenesis

A
  1. spermatocytogenesis
  2. meiosis
  3. spermatogenesis
60
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what is spermatocytogenesis

A

spermatogonia become primary spermatocytes

61
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what kind of cells are spermatogonia

A

spermatogenic cells in stem epithelium

62
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what happens in meiosis

A

1 spermatocyte becomes 4 spermatids

63
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what is spermatogenesis

A

spermatids become sperm

64
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what regualtes spermatogenesis

A

testosterone

65
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what happens during spermatogenesis (4)

A
  1. condensation of nucleus
  2. formation of acrosome
  3. formation of flagellum
  4. shedding of cyto
66
Q

what is the function of acrosome cap

A

eat through zona pellucida

67
Q

what is zona pellucida

A

protective layer of ovum

68
Q

what is the function of FSH

A

stimulate sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis

69
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what is the function of LH

A

stimulate leydig cells to produce testosterone

70
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS what happens when FSH or LH becomes too high

A

sertoli cells release inhibin

71
Q

how are FSH and LH released

A
  1. hypothalamus releases GnRH

2. GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH

72
Q

EPIDIDYMIS where is head located

A

testes

73
Q

EPIDIDYMIS where is body located

A

vas deferens

74
Q

EPIDIDYMIS what kind of cells make up epithelium (2)

A
  1. tall ciliated cells

2. short absorptive cells

75
Q

EPIDIDYMIS what is the function of tall ciliated cells

A

move sperm along tube

76
Q

EPIDIDYMIS what is the function of short absorptive cells

A

absorb what maturing cells release

77
Q

EPIDIDYMIS what is required for sperm to become motile

A

must pass through epididymis

78
Q

VAS DEFERENS what is vas deferens composed of

A

2 layers of smooth muscle

79
Q

VAS DEFERENS what is the function of vas def

A

transport sperm from epididymis to seminal vesicle

80
Q

SEMINAL VESICLES how is mucosa specialized

A
  1. lots of secretory glands

2. lots of folds

81
Q

SEMINAL VESICLES what do seminal vesicles secrete

A
  1. coagulation factors to protect sperm from acidity of vaginal canal
  2. fructose to feed sperm
82
Q

PROSTATE GLAND what is anatomy of prostate gland

A
  • located under urinary bladder

- surrounded by CT

83
Q

PROSTATE GLAND what does prostate gland contain

A

smooth muscle

84
Q

PROSTATE GLAND what does smooth muscle of prostate gland do during ejaculation

A

contract

85
Q

PROSTATE GLAND what does prostate gland secrete

A

seminal fluid

86
Q

PROSTATE GLAND what do secretions of prostate gland contain

A

hydrolytic enzymes to declot

87
Q

PROSTATE GLAND what is the function of bulbourethral glands

A

coat urethra w alkaline mucous before passage of sperm

ANAT 200 (9 decks)

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