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ANAT 200 > GI SYSTEM 1.2 > Flashcards

GI SYSTEM 1.2 Flashcards

1
Q

MUSCULARIS EXTERNIS what is mucuslaris externis made of

A

smooth muscle

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2
Q

MUSCULARIS EXTERNIS what is the function of muscularis externis

A

motility

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3
Q

MUSCULARIS EXTERNIS how many layers of smooth muscle

A

2

  • inner circular
  • outer longitudinal
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4
Q

MUSCULARIS EXTERNIS what is muscularis layer at beginning and end

A

somatic skeletal muscle

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5
Q

MUSCULARIS EXTERNIS what controls smooth muscle

A

ANS

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6
Q

MUSCULARIS EXTERNIS what plexus is located in muscularis externis layer

A

myenteric plexus

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7
Q

MUSCULARIS EXTERNIS what is the function of myenteric plexus

A

control smooth muscle

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8
Q

SEROSA what is serosa

A

serous mem

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9
Q

SEROSA what is serous mem

A

simple squamous epithelium with CT

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10
Q

SEROSA how many laters of serous mem

A

2

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11
Q

SEROSA what is mesentery

A

2 layers of serous mem sandwiching vasculature

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12
Q

GI ORGANS what are 4 accessory organs

A
  1. liver
  2. gallbladder
  3. pancreas
  4. salivary glands
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13
Q

GI ORGANS what are 3 upper GI organs

A
  1. oral cavity
  2. pharynx
  3. esophagus
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14
Q

GI ORGANS where is oral cavity located

A

under nasal cavity

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15
Q

GI ORGANS where is pharynx located

A
  • behind nasal cavity

- behind oral cavity

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16
Q

GI ORGANS what occurs at esophagus

A

transition from skeletal to smooth muscle

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17
Q

GI ORGANS where is peritoneal cavity

A

under diaphragm

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18
Q

GI ORGANS where does duodenum receive its secretions

A
  1. liver

2. pancreas

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19
Q

QUADRANTS how to obtain abdominal quadrants

A

draw 2 lines from belly button

  • one horizontal
  • one vertical
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20
Q

QUADRANTS what are 4 quadrants

A
  1. upper R
  2. upper L
  3. lower R
  4. lower L
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21
Q

GI ORGANS what is located in upper R (5)

A
  1. liver
  2. gallbladder
  3. duodenum
  4. R kidney
  5. head of pancreas
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22
Q

GI ORGANS what is located in upper L (4)

A
  1. stomach
  2. spleen
  3. L kidney
  4. body and tail of pancreas
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23
Q

GI ORGANS what is located in lower R (4)

A
  1. appendix
  2. ascending colon
  3. cecum
  4. ileum
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24
Q

GI ORGANS what is located in lower L (3)

A
  1. descending colon
  2. sigmoid colon
  3. ileum
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25
Q

ABDOMINAL REGIONS how to obtain mid clavicular planes

A

draw 2 vertical lines going down middle of clavicles

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26
Q

ABDOMINAL REGIONS how to obtain subcostal plane

A

draw horizontal line underneath ribs

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27
Q

ABDOMINAL REGIONShow to obtain intertubercular plane

A

draw horizontal line at iliac crests or L5

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28
Q

ABDOMINAL REGIONS what are 3 regions

A
  1. epigastric
  2. umbilical
  3. pubic
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29
Q

PERITONEUM what kind of mem is peritoneum

A

serous mem

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30
Q

PERITONEUM what does parietal peritoneum line

A

abdominal body wall

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31
Q

PERITONEUM what does visceral peritoneum line

A

organs of tube except pancreas

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32
Q

PERITONEUM what is the function of parietal peritoneum

A

separate peritoneal cavity from pelvic cavity

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33
Q

PERITONEUM what makes up mesentery

A

2 layers of visceral peritoneum sandwiching vasculature

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34
Q

PERITONEUM what is lesser omentum

A

mesentery going from lesser curvature of stomach to liver

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35
Q

PERITONEUM what is greater omentum

A

mesentery going from greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon

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36
Q

PERITONEUM what makes a structure retroperitoneal (3)

A
  1. attached to body wall
  2. not surrounded by visceral peritoneum
  3. behind visceral peritoneum
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37
Q

PERITONEUM what 4 structures are retroperitoneal

A
  1. duodenum
  2. ascending colon
  3. descending colon
  4. everything in pelvis
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38
Q

VASCULATURE where does vasculature come from

A

abdominal aorta

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39
Q

VASCULATURE what are 3 major branches of abdominal aorta

A
  1. celiac trunk
  2. superior mesenteric artery
  3. inferiro mesenteric artery
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40
Q

what does celiac trunk supply

A

abdominal esophagus to duodenum

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41
Q

VASCULATURE what region is associated w foregut

A

epigastric

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42
Q

VASCULATURE what does SMA supply

A

descending part of duodenum to left colic flexure

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43
Q

VASCULATURE what is associated w midgut

A

umbilical

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44
Q

VASCULATURE what does IMA supply

A

left colic flexure to rectum

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45
Q

VASCULATURE what is associated w hindgut

A

pubic

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46
Q

VENOUS VASCULATURE what are 3 veins

A
  1. splenic
  2. superior mesenteric vein
  3. inferior mesenteric vein
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47
Q

VENOUS VASCULATURE what do 3 veins lead to

A

portal vein

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48
Q

VENOUS VASCULATURE where does portal vein go

A

liver

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49
Q

VENOUS VASCULATURE what kind of blood goes to liver

A
  1. deoxygenated

2. nutrient rich

50
Q

ORAL CAVITY what is mucosa layer in oral cavity called

A

oral mucosa

51
Q

ORAL CAVITY how is oral mucosa specialized

A

stratified squamous epithelium instead of simple squamous epithelium

52
Q

ORAL CAVITY what happens in oral cavity (4)

A
  1. sensory analysis of ingested food
  2. mechanical digestion
  3. chemical digestion
  4. lubricate ingested food w saliva
53
Q

ORAL CAVITY where is amylase found

A

saliva

54
Q

ORAL CAVITY what is amylase involved in

A

chemical digestion of carbs

55
Q

TEETH what are 3 parts of teeth

A
  1. crown
  2. neck
  3. root
56
Q

TEETH where is neck located

A

in gums

57
Q

TEETH where is root located

A

areolar bone

58
Q

TEETH what is periodontal ligament / gomphosis

A

fibrous connection bw root and areolar bone

59
Q

TEETH what is the function of line of cement

A

resist pressure

60
Q

TEETH what goes through root canal

A

neuro vascular bundle

61
Q

TEETH where does neuro vasculature bundle end

A

pulp cavity

62
Q

TEETH what is the function of neurovascular bundle

A

provide nutrients to root

63
Q

TEETH where does growth occur

A

dentin

64
Q

TEETH what is dentin unable to do

A

remodel

65
Q

TEETH why is dentin unable to remodel

A

lacks vasculature

66
Q

DENTITION what are teeth involved in

A

mechanical digestion

67
Q

DENTITION what is the function of incisors

A

cut

68
Q

DENTITION what is the function of canines

A

tear

69
Q

DENTITION what is the function of premolars

A

crush

70
Q

DENTITION what is the function of molars

A

grind

71
Q

DENTITION how many incisors

A

2

72
Q

DENTITION how many canines

A

1

73
Q

DENTITION how many premolars

A

2

74
Q

DENTITION how many molars

A

3

75
Q

DENTITION what are baby teeth lacking

A

premolars

76
Q

TONGUE what innervates tongue

A

CN12

77
Q

TONGUE what are intrinsic muscles

A

muscles within tongue

78
Q

TONGUE what is the function of intrinsic muscles

A

contract to change shape of mouth for speaking

79
Q

TONGUE what are 4 extrinsic muscles

A
  1. palatoglossus
  2. styloglossus
  3. hyoglossus
  4. genioglossus
80
Q

TONGUE what is palatoglossus

A

palate to tongue

81
Q

TONGUE why is styloglossus

A

styloid to tongue

82
Q

TONGUE what is hyoglossus

A

hyoid to tongue

83
Q

TONGUE what is genioglossus

A

chin to tongue

84
Q

TONGUE what is function of extrinsic muscles

A

move tongue during swallowing

85
Q

TONGUE what is the function of terminal sulcus

A

separate anterior 2/3 from posterior 1/3

86
Q

TONGUE what is anterior 2/3

A

body

87
Q

TONGUE what is posterior 1/3

A

root

88
Q

TONGUE what innervates body

A

mandibular

CN V3

89
Q

TONGUE what innervates root

A

glossopharyngeal

CN IX

90
Q

what innervates tongue for taste sensation

A
  1. facial nerve CN VII

2. glossopharyngeal CN IX

91
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what are 2 secretions

A
  1. serous

2. mucous

92
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what is serous secretion for

A

digestion

93
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what is mucous secretion for

A

lubrication

94
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what are 3 major salivary glands

A
  1. parotid
  2. sublingual
  3. submandibular
95
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what does parotid gland secrete

A

serous

96
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS where does duct empty (parotid)

A

oral vestibule

97
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what innervates parotid gland

A

glossopharyngeal CN IX

98
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what does sublingual gland secrete

A

mucous

99
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS where does duct empty (sublingual)

A

underneath tongue

100
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what innervates sublingual gland

A

facial nerve CN VII

101
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what does submandibular gland secrete

A
  1. serous

2. mucous

102
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS where does duct empty (submandibular)

A

sublingual caruncle

103
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what innervates submandibular gland

A

facial nerve CN VII

104
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what stimulates secretion

A

parasympathetic

105
Q

SALIVARY GLANDS what inhibits secretion

A

sympathetic

106
Q

PHARYNX what kind of epithelium does pharynx have in mucosal layer

A

stratifies squamous epithelium

107
Q

PHARYNX what are palatal muscles

A

tensor veli palatini

tensor levator palatini

108
Q

PHARYNX what is the function of palatal muscles

A

elevate soft palate

109
Q

PHARYNX what are pharyngeal constrictors

A
  1. superior
  2. middle
  3. inferior
110
Q

PHARYNX what is the function of pharyngeal constrictors

A
  1. elevate larynx

2. push bolus to esophagus

111
Q

what is bolus

A

food mixed with saliva

112
Q

PHARYNX what are steps of swallowing

A
  1. contract tongue to push bolus to oropharynx + close nasopharynx
  2. contract myohyloid to push bolus to oropharynx+ close nasopharynx
  3. contract palatal muscles to push bolus to oropharynx + close nasopharynx
  4. elevate pharynx
  5. elevate trachea
  6. contract pharyngeal constrictors
113
Q

PERISTALSIS what is peristalsis

A

movement of food through tube

114
Q

PERISTALSIS what is the function of circular smooth muscle

A

contracts to make sure bolus goes in one direction

115
Q

PERISTALSIS what is the function of longitudinal muscles

A

contract to make sure food propelled further

116
Q

PERISTALSIS what is segmentation

A

contraction of circular and longitudinal muscles at the same time

117
Q

PERISTALSIS what happens during segmentation

A
  • there is no forward movement
  • there is break down of bolus
  • there is compactionof bolus
118
Q

PERISTALSIS where does compaction occur

A
  • stomach for break down

- colon forcompaction

119
Q

ESOPHAGUS what does mucosal layer contain

A

simple squamous epithelium

120
Q

ESOPHAGUS what does submucosa layer contain

A

extra glands

121
Q

ESOPHAGUS what kind of muscle does esophagus contain in muscularis externis layer

A
  1. skeletal

2. smooth

122
Q

ESOPHAGUS what are mechanisms for acid reflux

A
  1. cardiac sphincter
  2. peristaltic clearance
  3. extra submucosal glands to protect mucosal layer
  4. mucous produced by stomach

ANAT 200 (9 decks)

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