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ANAT 200 > FEMALE REPRO 2 > Flashcards

FEMALE REPRO 2 Flashcards

1
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what is uterine cycle

A

series of events that prepares uterus for implantation of zygote

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2
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what are 3 phases of uterine cycle

A
  1. proliferation phase
  2. secretory phase
  3. menstrual phase
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3
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what plays key role in menstrual cycle

A

hormones secreted during ovarian cycle (estrogen + progesterone)

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4
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what is the function of estrogen in uterine cycle

A

induce endometrium proliferation

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5
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what is the function of progesterone in uterine cycle

A

causes endometrium to become secretory

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6
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what does endometrium contain

A
  1. stratum functionalis

2. stratum basalis

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7
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what happens to stratum functionalis during uterine cycle

A
  1. built up towards lumen

2. shed

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8
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what makes stratum basalis diff from stratum functionalis

A

does not get shed

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9
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY what do radial arteries extend towards

A

endometrium

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10
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY what is the function of straight arteries

A

supply stratum basilis

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11
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY what is the function of spiral arteries

A

supply stratum functionalis

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12
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY how are straight arteries diff from spiral arteries

A

straight ==> do not regrow and shed

spiral ==> regrow + shed

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13
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY what happens when corpus luteum is degraded

A
  1. loss of progesterone
  2. spiral artery smooth muscle spasms
  3. endometrium becomes ischemic (no oxygen)
  4. endometrium dies
  5. endometrium sheds
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14
Q

what is the function of FSH in ovarian cycle

A
  • follicular maturation
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15
Q

how is follicular maturation linked to proliferative phase of uterine cycle

A
  • estrogen

- induces endometrium proliferation

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16
Q

what is the function of LH in ovarian cycle

A
  • causes ovulation
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17
Q

how is ovulation linked to secretory phase

A
  • progesterone

- causes endometrium to become secretory

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18
Q

hCG what is the function of hCG in first trimester

A
  • replace LH

- hCG will maintain corpus luteum instead of LH

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19
Q

hCG what is the function of placenta in second trimester

A
  • replace ovaries

- placenta will take over hormone secretioninsread of ovaries

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20
Q

what hormones will placenta secrete

A
  1. estrogen
  2. progesterone
  3. relaxin
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21
Q

hCG what is the function of placenta

A

connect foetus to uterine wall

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22
Q

hCG what are 6 functions of placenta

A
  1. allow nutrient intake
  2. allow thermoreg
  3. allow waste elimination
  4. allow gas exchange
  5. fight against infection
  6. produce hCG
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23
Q

CERVIX what kind of epithelial cells does cervix contain

A

columnar

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24
Q

CERVIX what do columnar cells of cervix secrete

A

mucous

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25
Q

CERVIX what is the function of mucous

A

prevent vaginal bacteria from entering

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26
Q

CERVIX what does mucous have an effect on

A

sperm motility

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27
Q

CERVIX what happens to cervix during child birth

A

relaxin from placenta causes cervix to dilate

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28
Q

VAGINA what is vagina

A

elastic + muscular tube

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29
Q

VAGINA where does vagina start and end

A

cervix

vestibule to external genitalia

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30
Q

VAGINA what is vaginal fornix

A

where vaginal canal surround cervix

31
Q

VAGINA what innervation does vagina have

A
  1. somatic

2. autonomic

32
Q

VAGINA what are functions of vagina

A
  1. eliminate menses
  2. sex
  3. form birth canal
33
Q

VAGINA what kind of epithelial cells does vagina contain

A

stratified squamous epithelium

34
Q

VAGINA what makes vagina acidic

A
  1. waste produced by resident bacteria

2. lactic acid

35
Q

VAGINA how does vagina protect itself

A
  1. acidic pH

2. thick lamina propina

36
Q

UTERUS what is mesometrium

A

broad ligament (parietal p) surrounding uterus

37
Q

UTERUS what is myometirum

A

3 layers of smooth muscle

38
Q

UTERUS what is function of myometrium

A
  1. contraction during shedding of endometrium

2. contraction during child birth

39
Q

UTERUS what is endometirum

A

uterine lining

40
Q

UTERUS what do uterine glands open into

A

endometirum

41
Q

UTERUS what is the function of uterine gland secretions

A

prepare endometirum for implantation

42
Q

UTERUS where do ovarian vessels come from

A

abdominal aorta

43
Q

UTERUS what do ovarian vessels supply

A
  1. ovaries

2. fallopian tubes

44
Q

UTERUS where do uterine vessels come from

A

internal iliac vessels

45
Q

UTERUS where do vaginal vessels come from

A

internal iliac vessels

46
Q

what do internal iliac vessels supply

A

pelvis

47
Q

HOMOLOGUES what does body of penis contain

A
  1. corpora cavernosa x2

2. corpora spongiosum x1

48
Q

HOMOLOGUES what does body of clitoris contain

A

corpora cavernosa x2

49
Q

HOMOLOGUES what are bulb homologues

A
  • bulb of penis (1)

- bulbs of vestibule (2)

50
Q

HOMOLOGUES what are bulbs of vestibule equivalent to

A

corpus spongiosum

51
Q

HOMOLOGUES what are crus homologues

A
  • crus of penis

- crus of clitoris

52
Q

HOMOLOGUES what are gland homologues

A
  • bulbourethral

- greater vestibular

53
Q

HOMOLOGUES what is the function of ischiocavernous muscle

A
  • cover corpora cavernosa
54
Q

HOMOLOGUES what is the function of bulbospongiousus muscle

A
  • cover bulbs of vestibule

- cover greater vestibular glands

55
Q

HOMOLOGUES what is female homologue for prostate gland

A

skene’s gland

56
Q

INNERVATION what are 2 types of upper innervation

A

1 sympathetic

2. parasymptathetic

57
Q

INNERVATION sympathetic innervation

A

T12 to L2

58
Q

INNERVATION parasympathetic innervation

A

S2 to S4

59
Q

INNERVATION where is pain felt (sympathetic)

A
  1. lower back

2. abdomen (broad ligament)

60
Q

INNERVATION where is pain felt (parasympathetic)

A
  1. lower back

2. perineum

61
Q

INNERVATION what is the function of sympathetic NS

A
  1. vasoconstriction of blood vessels

2. ejaculation

62
Q

INNERVATION what is the function of parasympathetic NS

A
  1. vasodilation of blood vessels

2. erection

63
Q

INNERVATION what is responsible for lower innervation

A
  • somatic motor
  • pudendal nerve
  • S2 to S4
64
Q

INNERVATION where is pain felt (somatic motor)

A
  1. vaginal walls

2. perineum

65
Q

how does breast tissue before preg compare to breast tissue after preg

A
  • more fat before

- less fat after

66
Q

PROLIFERATIVE what is happening at same time as proliferative phase

A

follicular maturation

67
Q

PROLIFERATIVE what happens during proliferative phase (3)

A
  1. estrogen increases
  2. epithelial cells of uterine glands multiply
  3. epithelial cells of uterine glands spread out across surface
68
Q

PROLIFERATIVE what happens to functional layer by time of ovulation

A
  1. basal functionalis thick

2. basil functionalis vascularized

69
Q

SECRETORY PHASE what is happening at same time as secretory phase

A

luteal phase

70
Q

SECRETORY PHASE what happens during secretory phase (2)

A
  1. estrogen increases

2. uterine glands increase rate of secretions

71
Q

SECRETORY PHASE what hormones are responsible for increased rate of secretions

A

estrogen + progesterone

72
Q

SECRETORY PHASE how long will secretory phase persist

A

until CL present

73
Q

MENSTRUAL PHASE what happens during menstrual phase (2)

A
  1. decrease sex hormone levels

2. basil functionalis degenerates

74
Q

MENSTRUAL PHASE when does follicular maturation begin

A

at beginning of mensural pahse

ANAT 200 (9 decks)

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