Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HIstology > Male repro 1 > Flashcards

Male repro 1 Flashcards

1
Q

testis function

A
  • production of spermatozoa
  • production of hormones for sperm development and maturation, and development and maintenance of associated glands and of secondary sex characteristics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is found in the seminiferous tubules

A

-adluminal/abluminal compartments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is found in the interstitial tissue

A
  • peritubular myoid cells
  • leydig cells
  • connective tissue and vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name the four seminiferous tubule events

A
  • spermatogenesis (spermatocytogenesis
  • meiosis
  • spermiogenesis
  • spermiation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

spermatogenesis

A
  • proliferation of spermatogonia

- generation of primary spermatocytes (all mitotically)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

meiosis in the seminiferous tubule

A

-reductional (M1) and equational (M2) spermatocyte division resulting in haploid spermatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

spermiogenesis

A

-cytodifferentiation of round spermatids to elongated forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

spermiation

A

-release of spermatozoa from sertoli cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how long does the diff and development of spermatogenic cells take

A

75 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how many sperm produced each day

A

200-200 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when does production of sperm stop

A

-never

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the ideal temp for spermatogenesis

A

32-35C (2 to 5 below 37)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

going from the basal lamina of the seminiferous tubules upwards, what are the stages of the cells present
-what cell type is between the developing sperm cells

A
  • spermatogonium
  • primary spermatocyte
  • secondary spermatocytes
  • early spermatids
  • in between these cells, laterally, are ssertoli cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what cell type is just below the basal lamina in the seminiferous tubules?

A

-myoid cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the morphology of spermatogonia

A

-small, round cells with oval to round nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where are spermatogoni found?

A

they are resting on the basal lamina of the seminiforous tubules

17
Q

characteristics of spermatogonia type A

A
  • remain undifferentiated stem cells

- these divide by mitosis

18
Q

characteristics of spermatogonia B cels

A

-undergo meiosis to form primary spermatocytes

19
Q

distinguishing A and B spermatogonia

A

-can not be done microscopically

20
Q
  • where are primary spermatocytes found?
  • what does their genome look like? and how many sets of chromosomes? why?
  • what event takes place in this stage?
A
  • found above the basal lamina, not attached
  • they are diploid, 4n because they are in M1
  • long prophase so they are visible in most sections, have thick chromosomes
  • crossing over takes place here
21
Q

what process finishes in order to create a secondary spermatocyte?

  • what is their chromosome number
  • divisional characteristic
A
  • M1 finishes to produce secondary spermatocytes
  • haploid, 2n
  • these rapidly finish M2 division
22
Q

where are early spermatids found?

  • what is their morph?
  • ploidy
  • are they meioticcally active?
  • what process do they undergo and what happens
A
  • close to the lumen of the seminiferous tubule
  • small round to elongated
  • haploid, 1n DNA
  • do not divide any further
  • undergo spermiogenesis which is the differentiation into a spermatozoa
23
Q

where, specifically, does sperm differentiation and maturation take place and what is this called?

A
  • the cells are embedded in sertoli cells

- called spermiogenesis

24
Q

wht are the two events that take places during spermiogenesis

A
  • development of the acrosome

- formation of the tail (flagellum elongation)

25
Q

what is the acrosome

A
  • golgi-derived

- contains enzymes to break through granulosa cells and zona pellucida

26
Q

what happens to the excess cytoplasm during spermiogensis

A
  • these are called residual bodies

- they are discarded and sperm released into lumen (spermiation)

27
Q

are sperm motile when they are released from sertoli cells

A

-no

28
Q

what is unique about the way that sperm cells develop

-what is the technical term for this

A
  • they are all unique yet groups of them share a cytoplasmic bridge
  • complete karyokinesis but incomplete cytokenesis
29
Q

what do the development of clonal groups yield?

A

heterogeneous seminiferous tubule wall

30
Q

morph of sertoli “nurse” cells?

  • what R is found on their surface?
  • -what does the cytoplasm surround
A
  • large, euchromatic nucleus and contains a prominent round nucleolus, usually erpendicular to basal lamina
  • FSH
  • spermatogenic cells
31
Q

5 functions of sertoli cells

  • spermatogenic
  • blood
  • clean up
  • secretions
  • release
A
  • provide physical and nutritive support for developing spermatogenic cells (control all access from blood to lumen)
  • form the blood-testis barrier (protection from autoimmune attack)
  • phagocytosis of residual bodies shed during spermatozoa maturation
  • secrete fluid and produce androgen binding protein, inhibin and activin to regulate FSH, endothelin to promote tubule contraction
  • facilitate release of sperm into tubular lumen
32
Q

sertoli sertoli cell junctions form

A
  • the blood testis barrier
  • this is necessary since the primary spermatocytes have undrgone crossing over
  • this is formed using actin connections
33
Q

myoid cells are found where?

  • characteristics
  • function
  • receptors
A
  • interstitial tissue
  • myofibroblast-like
  • function in tubular contractility and sperm transport (they are not yet mobile)
  • contain receptors for endothelin (made by sertoli cells) which stimulates contraction
34
Q

where are leydig cells found?

  • characterisstics
  • secrete what?
  • receptors
A
  • found in the interstitial tissue of the seminiferous tubules
  • secrete cholesterol ester, have abundant SER, and tubular christae
  • secrete testosterone
  • possess LH receptors (interstitial cell stimulating hormone) and prolactin receptors
35
Q

function of testosterone

A
  • essential for spermatogenesis
  • secondary sex characteristics
  • accessory gland development
36
Q

cryptorchidism

A
  • one or both testis fail to descend
  • if bilaterla fertility is near zero
  • cancer rates are increased
  • leydig and sertoli cells unaffected so these people have normal sex characteristics

HIstology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions