male physio review Flashcards
klinefelters
XXY
seminiferous tubule dysgenesis
What promotes intrauterine development of testes
SRY gene on Y chrom
what produces AMH
sertoli cells
what produces T
leydig cells
what hormone stimulates fetal leydig cell production of T before LH is produced?
hCG
what can be used to stimulate spermatogenesis in oligospermic men
hCG
what is required for development of other male organs and secondary sex characteristics?
DHT
what enzyme is required for conversion of T -> DHT
5alpha-reductase-2
6-8 weeks gestataion
differentiation of testes (SRY)
wk 8 gestation
retention of wolffian ducts d/t T and regression of mullerian ducts d/t AMH
wk 9-12 gestation
male type external genitalia d/t DHT
what enzyme converts androgen to estrogen
CYP19-aromatase
what hormone initiates puberty?
pulsatile sleep associated release of GnRH
primary hypogonadism labs
gonadotropin levels elevated
androgen production is reduced
androgenic actions of androgens
- differentiation of male internal T and external genitalia DHT in fetus
- growth, development of secondary sex characteristics at puberty
- maintenance of reproductive tract and production of semen
- initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis
anabolic actions of androgens
- stimulation of erythropoietin synthesis
- stimulation of sebaceous gland secretion
- control of protein anabolic effects (N retention)
- stimulation of linear body growth, bone growth, and closure of epiphyses
- promotion of ABP synthesis
- maintenance of secretions of sex glands
- regulation of behavioral effects, libido
what protein is responsible for maintaining T concentration in testes
ABP
androgen binding protein
how much T is required for spermatogenesii
100x > circulating levels
what cells are the target of LH
leydig
what cells are target of FSH
sertoli
GnRH therapy
can be used to Tx prostate CA
if given continuously supresses LH and FSH production therefore decreases T
supportive fnx of sertoli cells
maintaining testes-blood barrier
phagocytosis
nutrients for sperm
R for hormones and paracrines
exocrine fnx of sertoli cells
fluid produced for sperm mobilization
production of ABP
spermination (release of sperm into tubule)
endocrine fnx of sertoli cells
expression of T, ABP, and FSH Rs
production of AMH, aromatase, and inhibin B
