Diabetes, abortions, ectopics Flashcards

1
Q

LGA

A

> 4000

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2
Q

class B

A

onset of DM at 20+ with duration <10yrs

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3
Q

class C

A

onset 10-19 with duration of 10-19 yrs

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4
Q

class D

A

onset 20

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5
Q

class E

A

overt DM with calcified pelvic vessels

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6
Q

DM I

A

uteroplacental insufficiency -> growth restriction

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7
Q

GDM

A

any degress of glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy
dt HPL creating insulin resistance

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8
Q

risk factors of GDM

A
increased age and weight
previous GDM
previous macrosomic infant
FHx of DM
ethnic
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9
Q

blood glucose 1st trimester

A

decreased d/t increased insulin sensitivity and production

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10
Q

blood glucose 2nd-3rd trimester

A

insulin sensitivity decreases

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11
Q

early pregnancy

A
decreased hepatic glucose storage
decreased maternal fasting storage
increased B cell hyperplasia and insulin secretion
increased glycogen storage
increased glucose utilization
increased E and P
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12
Q

effects of DM on baby

A
macrosomnia
hypoglycemia
hyperbilirubinemia
low Ca and Mg
RDS
polycythemia
hyperviscosity
increased risk for obesity
increased risk for DMII
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13
Q

Acute complications of GDM

A

preterm labor
HTN
preeclampsia
increased risk for DMII

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14
Q

Dx GDM

A

fasting glucose <126

random glucose 200

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15
Q

interpartum care

A

IV fluids with dextrose

insulin for all DM I and some GDM/DMII

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16
Q

care during breastfeeding

A

insulin requirements usually lower

17
Q

hCG in normal pregnancy

A

should double every 48 hours

18
Q

risk factors for spontaneous abortion

A
age
previous spontaneous abortion 
increasing gravidity
prolonged time to implantation or conception
smoking
EtOH
cocaine
NSAIDs around time of conception
caffeine
low folate
extremes of moms weight
fever 
celiacs
19
Q

fetal etiologies of spontaneous abortion

A

chromosomal abnormalities (50%)
trisomy 16 most common
congenital abnormalities
truama

20
Q

maternal etiologies of spontaneous abortion

A

uterine structural issues
acute maternal infections
material endocrinopathies
hypercoaguable states

21
Q

work up for spontaneous abortion

A
doppler
pelvic exam
pelvic US
hCG
blood type Ab screen
serum porgesterone
22
Q

Dx with pelvic US

A

gestational sac >25mm that does not contain yolk sac/embryo

an embryoi with crown rump length >7mm that does not have cardiac activity

23
Q

Dx with lack of development

A

absence of heart beat 11-14 days

24
Q

threatened abortion

A

Dx criteria for spontaneous abortion not met
bleeding, but os closed
up to 50% will miscarry
bed rest

25
Q

inevitable abortion

A

bleeding, cramping, dilated cervix

26
Q

Tx of inevitable abortion

A

medical abortion (misopristol)
surgical abortion D&C
wait

27
Q

incomplete abortion

A

bleeding, pain, cervix dilated, products of conception are found w/in cervical canal
after 12 wks membranes rupture and fetus is passed, but placental tissue may be retained

28
Q

Tx of incomplete abortion

A

medical abortion (misopristol)
surgical abortion D&C
watch for Staph aureus infection

29
Q

risk factors for ectopic

A
previous ectopic
PID
assisted repro technology
Hx of peritonitis
smoking
previous tubal ligation
30
Q

Tx for ectopic

A
medical abortion (methotrexate)
surgical