Male Genitalia Flashcards
What is the general order of pubertal changes in the male?
- Enlargement of the testicles (ages 9 to 13.5)
- Sprouting of pubic hair - Penis begins to get larger
- Growth spurt
- Voices changing and will become deeper
- Dark, course, curly pubic and armpit hairs
- Penis and testes get larger and erections will become more frequent - ejaculation will also occur
What is considered delayed puberty in the male?
Suspected in boys who have no signs of pubertal development by 14 years of age
What are some common causes of delayed puberty in the male?
Most common cause is constitutional delay, frequently a familial condition involving delayed bone and physical maturation, but normal hormone levels.
Less common causes: primary or secondary hypogonadism as well as congenital GnRH deficiency
Normal scrotal findings in a newborn
Scrotal edema may be present for several days following birth because of the effect of maternal estrogen.
Rugae (wrinkles) are present in NB at 40 wks gestation
NB testes should be about 10mm wide and 15mm long and should lie in the scrotal sacs most of the time
Anticipatory guidance to an uncircumcised male
Foreskin completely covers the glans penis
It is intractable at birth though may be able to retract enough to visualize the external urethral meatus.
The foreskin will gradually loosen over months and years and become retractable.
Presence of smegma - normal white, pearl-like lumps under the foreskin when it begins to retract.
Importance of cleaning - daily once puberty starts
Exam findings with gonococcal urethritis
copious amount of purulent/yellow urethral discharge and dysuria
Exam findings with nongonococcal urethritis
less copious amount of clear or cloudy urethral discharge - urethral pruritus or dysuria - chlamydia
What is the cremasteric reflex and how is it performed?
A superficial reflex found in human males that is elicited when the inner part of the left thigh is stroked. Stroking of skin causes the cremaster muscle to contract and pull up the ipsilateral testicle toward the inguinal canal.
What are the current USPSTF recommendations regarding testicular self-exams?
clinical or self-examination are not recommended - advised against screening for testicular cancer in asymptomatic adolescent or adult males
PSA stands for
prostate specific antigen
What are the current ACA recommendations for testicular self-examination?
No recommendation for regular TSE’s
Recommend a TE should be part of a general physical exam
Advise men to seek clinical attention for painless lump, swelling, enlargement of either testicle, scrotum, or a dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin
Normal scrotal findings in a premature infant
No rugae (wrinkles)
