Malay Unit 14 Flashcards
writer, author
penulis
bridge
jambatan
to build
bina
was…by
di…oleh
was eaten by
dimakan oleh
this book was read by Mamat, it was written from a famous writer (more formal way)
buku ni dibaca oleh Mamat, dia ditulis oleh penulis terkenal
this long bridge was build 10 years ago
jambatan panjang ni dibina 10 tahun lepas
this chicken rice was cooked by my older sister (formal way)
nasi ayam ni dimasak oleh kakak saya
this book was read by Mamat, it was written from a famous writer (spoken way)
buku ni Mamat baca. Dia penulis terkenal tulis
this chicken rice was cooked by my older sister (spoken way)
nasi ayam ni kakak saya masak
cruel
kejam
to kill
bunuh
blood
darah
desperate
terdesak
if win
kalau menang
episode
episod
search in google
cari kat google
parking slot (Parkplatz)
tempat letak kereta (parkir / formal)
owner
pemilik
messy (place)
bersepah
dirty, not (well) managed (for a person)
tak terurus
got scammed
kena scam
corruption
korupsi
rattan chair
kerusi rotan
poor him (emphasized)
kesiannya
in the morning, early in the morning
pagi-pagi
in the afternoon
petang-petang
at night, late at night
malam-malam
what do are you doing here at night?
buat apa kat sini malam-malam
I ever got chased from father
saya pernah kena kejar dengan ayah
to chase
kejar
dangerous
bahaya
deep river
sungai yang dalam
to instruct, to ask someone to do something
suruh
seniority
senioriti
to fight
bergaduh
group
kumpulan
rich vs poor
kaya vs miskin
to respect, respectful
hormat
to touch
sentuh
to get kicked out from the school
kena buang (dari) sekolah
to get kicked out from work
kena buang (dari) kerja
to get kicked out from the family
kena buang (dari) keluarga
I quit the job
saya berhenti kerja
I got fired
saya kena buat (dari) kerja
to get expatriated (ausgebürgert)
kena buang negara
to get expelled (ausgewiesen nach…)
kena hantar balik ke …
foreign / foreigner
asing / orang asing
site
tapak
construction
pembinaan
to steal
curi
to cut
potong
electricity
elektrik
passive sentence informal for negative situations
kena + verb + dengan
got eaten by (informal)
kena makan dengan
I got cheated
saya kena tipu
2 foreign workers were killed at that construction site
dua orang pekerja asing kena bunuh kat tapak pembinaan tu
he was hit by a motorbike while he was walking at the edge of that park
dia kena langgar dengan motor masa tengah jalan-jalan kat tepi taman tu
her expensive handbag was stolen when she went to the toilet
beg tangan mahal dia kena curi bila dia pergi tandas
the electricity in his house was cut because he didnt pay his electric bill for 6 months already
elektrik rumah dia kena potong sebab dia dah enam bulan tak bayar bil elektrik
to sue, give a ticket
sama
to put, to park
letak
box
kotak
bad (evil) guy
penjahat
to imprison, prison
penjara
thief
pencuri
to tell a lie, cheat
tipu
to arrest
tahan
bribery (Bestechung)
rasuah
he was given a ticket because he parked his car outside of the parking box
dia kena saman sebab dia letak kereta kat luar kotak parking
the bad guy was imprisoned because he killed that shop people
penjahat tu kena penjara sebab dia bunuh orang kedai tu
last night, our house was entered from a thief
semalam rumah kitaorang kena masuk pencuri
they were cheated from a scammer abroad
diaorang kena tipu dengan scammer kat luar negara
the boss from that company was arrested by the police because of bribery
bos syarikat tu kena tahan dengan polis sebab rasuah
to scold
marah
to hit, to beat
pukul
to disturb, to bother
kacau, ganggu
to bully
buli
to strike with a rattan cane, rattan
rotan
naughty
nakal
poor him
kesian
yesterday he was scold from his older brother because he came back late
semalam dia kena marah dengan abang sebab dia balik lewat
poor child, he was beaten froma senior at school
kesian budak tu, dia kena pukul dengan senior kat sekolah
he said, at night he was disturbed from his cat while he was sleeping
dia cakap, malam-malam dia kena kacau dengan kucing dia bila dia tengah tidur
this pupil was called from the teacher to the office because he bullied another pupil
murid tu kena panggil dengan cikgu kat pejabat sebab dia buli murid lain
when I was young, I often was striked with a rattan cane from father because I was too naughty
bila saya kecik, saya selalu kena rotan dengan ayah sebab nakal sangat
normal weather for autumn
cuaca biasa untuk musim luruh
tax free
babas cukai
rokok
cigarette
one pack cigarettes
sekotak rokok
cost of living
kos hidup
low
rendah
tax exemption
pengecualian cukai
have less tax than Germany
ada cukai rendah dari Jerman
there is no tax for kerosine in the entire world
takde cukai untuk kerosene kat seluruh dunia
walking way
tempat orang jalan
special line for bicycle
jalan khas untuk basikal
special (specific)
khas
red light
lampu merah
to misuse
salah guna
safe
selamat
exept
kecuali
to exercise
bersenam
home bicycle
basikal mesin
around Berlin
pusing Berlin
to turn
pusing
important
penting
victim
mangsa
they easyly get cheated
diaorang senang kena tipu
to manipulate
memanipulasi
withdraw money
keluarkan duit
make sense
masuk akal
to stay illegally
dudk secara haram
legally
secara sah
relationship
hubungan
permitted relationship (in the muslim law)
hubungan halal
strict
tegas
private company
syarikat swasta
government company
syarikat kerajaan
ministery
kementerian
to renew
perbaharu
valid lifetime
sah seumur hidup
indentification card, IC
kad pengenalan, IC
plastik surgery
pembedahan plastik
option
pilihan
dark skin
kulit gelap
beauty product
produk kecantikan
wrong, mistake, fault
salah
did you ever were sued (got a ticket)
awak pernah kene saman?
when you went to school long time ago, were you ever bullied? Did you bully people?
bila awak kat sekolah dulu, pernah kena buli? awak buli orang?
when you were small (young), were you often scolded by your parents?
bila kecik, awak selalu kena marah dengan mak ayah?
have you ever been scammed when travelling abroad?
pernah kena scam bila pergi melancong luar negara?
have you ever been scoled at working place because of other peoples mistake?
awak pernah kena marah kat tempat kerja sebab salah orang lain?
R&R (rest and treat)
rehat dan rawat
so far
setakat ni
at least
sekurang-kurangnya
he doesnt believe that covod exist
dia tak percaya covid wujud
remainder (Rest)
baki
influence
pengaruh
collegue
kawan kerja
is it true that
betul ke yang
brave
berani
royal institution
institusi raja
I am very patient
saya sangat sabar
cannot wait to…
tak sabar nak…
my mother cant wait to get the Covid vaccine because she is afraid from Covid
mak saya tak sabar nak dapat vaksin Covid sebab dia takut Covid
We cant wait to go on a trip again like before
kami tak sabar nak pergi makan angin lagi macam dulu-dulu
I cant wait to meet my family because alreary long time I didnt meet
saya tak sabar nak jumpa keluarga sebab dah lama tak jumpa
on the christmas morning my kids wake up with the feeling that they cant wait to open the gifts
pagi kristmas, anak-anak saya bangun dengan perasaan tak sabar nak baka hadiah
I really cant wait to get the new car at the end of this week
saya tak sabarnya nak dapat kereta baru hujung minggu ni
ways to say “you” in Malay
cara-cara cakap “you” dalam bahasa Melayu
the elderly
orang tua
exemple / per exemple
contoh/contohnya, (misalnya, less used)
sound, to sound
bunyi
many elderly use kamu when speaking with young people
banyak orang tua guna kamu bila cakap dengan orang muda
per exemple when the grand mother speaks to the grand child and when the teacher speaks to the pupils
contohnya bila nenek cakap dengan cucu dan bila cikgu cakap dengan murid-murid
kamu sounds a bit formal
kamu bunyi sikit formal
sometimes they also use awak
kadang-kadang mereka pun guna awak
when speaking with a group that has many people, can use kamu/awak semua
bila cakap dengan satu kumpulan yang ada banyak orang, boleh guba kamu/awak semua
to mix
campur
education
pendidikan
educated
berpendidikan
people who live or work in a city often (always) mix Malay and English
orang-orang yang duduk atau kerja kat bandar selalu campur bahasa Melayu dengan bahasa Inggeris
office workers normally use I and you when speaking with the collegues
orang-orang profesional biasanya guna I dengan you bila cakap dengan kawan-kawan kerja
many people think, if they use english, it sounds like they are people who are educated
banyak orang fikir, kalau guna bahasa Inggeris, bunyi macam mereka orang yang berpendidikan
enge Freunde
kawan rapat
you (general, formal, informal, very informal)
anda,kamu, awak, engkau/kau
all of you (very informal)
kauorang / korang
can be
boleh jadi
rude
kurang ajar
when we speak with friends that are very very close, we always use engkau and kau
bila cakap dengan kawan-kawan yang sangat-sangat rapat, kami selalu guna engkau dan kau
sometimes the sound becomes “ko”
kadang-kadang bunyi jadi “ko”
when speaking with more than one person, can use “kauorang” or “korang”
bila cakap dengan lebih dari seorang, boleh guna “kauorang” dan “kau”
we dont use at all “awak, kau, you” and others when speaking with elderly, because that can be rude
kita langsung tak guna “awak, kau, you” dan lain-lain bila cakap dengan orang tua, sebab tu boleh jadi kurang ajar
thunder
guruh
lightning
kilat
storm, thunderstorm
ribut
to expect
jangka
calm
tenang
get stroke from a lightning
kena sambar kilat
cannot expect
tak boleh jangka
consecutively
berturut-turut
what about Germany? (2 ways)
macam mana dengan Jerman // Jerman pulak?
some companies…..(are better)
sesetengah syarikat….(lebih baik)
some companies.
beberapa syarikat
opportunity
peluang
to make a joke
buat lawak
to avoid
elak
strange, weird
pelik
to pronounce
sebut
roof
bumbung
experience
pengalaman
adverbs
kata adverba
medicine
ubat
field (study)
bidang
field (farmer)
padang
subject
subjek
what field (subject) do you study?
awak belajar bidang (subjek) apa? (mana)
foundation
asasi
private school
sekolah antarabangsa
it damage the education system
dia rosakkan sistem pendidikan negara
I have to (be forced to) go back to KL
saya terpaksa balik KL
strong, loud
kuat
sure
pasti
important
penting
intonation
intonasi
if you are not sure which one is correct, dont use “you” at all.
kalau tak pasti yang mana betul, jangan cakap “you” langsung
most importang is intonation. must sound polite
yang paling penting, intonasi. mesti bunyi sopan
we can add fillers like “eh” or “ya” to sound a bit polite
kita boleh tambah fillers macam “eh” atau “ya” untuk bunyi sikit sopan
you come to meet Azri, right)
datang untuk jumpa Azri, ya?
you are from Selangor, right?
awak dari Selangor eh?
later when I am there, I call you, (ok?)
nanti bila saya ada kat sana saya telefon, ya
dont be noisy here, there are people taking an exam (test)
jangan bising kat sini, ya. ada orang tengah ambik ujian
to ensure, make sure
pastikan
tidy, neat
kemas
to stop something
tahan
hard working, diligent
rajin
scholarship
biasiswa
to continue
sambung
only then you know, just found out
baru tahu
who knows
mana tahu
3 ways to convert an adjective to an adverb
1- just use the adjective 2- repeat (double) the adjective 3- dengan + adjective (less used, sounds a bit formal)
make sure to write neatly, ok (?)
pastikan awak tulis dengan kemas, ya
he spoke with me very angrily just now when we met
dia cakap dengan saya dengan sangat marah tadi bila kami jumpa
do you want to speak formal Malay with me?
awak nak cakap bahasa Melayu formal dengan saya?
when we speak with other people, we have to speak politely
bila cakap dengan orang lain, kita kena cakap dengan sopan
study diligently, ok(?). who knows, can get a scholarship to continue studying abroad
belajar raji ya. mana tahu, boleh dapat biasiswa untuk sambung belajar luar negara
to draw
lukis
soon, in a short time, in no long time
tak lama lagi
to respect
hormat
can you draw my picture (draw me)? Draw nicely
boleh lukis gambar saya? lukis cantik-cantik
please search that item properly, if not, mother must be angry later
tolong cari barang tu betul-betul, tak nak, mak mesti marah nanti
get ready fast, we want to go out soon
bersiap cepat-cepat, kita nak keluar tak lama lagi
write a big bigger, it is a bit easier for the teacher to read
tulis besar-besar sikit, senang sikit cikgu nak baca
dont speak loudly in the library, ok(?), rspect other people
jangan cakap kuat-kuat kat dalam perpustakaan, ya. Hormat orang lain
wash clothes, make a washing machine
basuh baju
in the afternoon
petang, petang-petang, waktu petang
increase
kenaikan
not many people that have to enter hospital
tak banyak orang yang kena masuk hospital
many people get (got) covid
banyak orang kena covid
to get infected
kena jangkit
thats means
maksudnya
to open borders
bukak sempadan
not open for every country
tak bukak untuk semua negara
officially
secara rasminya (secara rasmi)
answer
jawapan
we have enough time
kita ada cukup masa
the answer is
jawapannya
dont worry
jangan risau / jangan bimbang
disco/bar/night club
disko/bar/kelab malam
reason
sebab
salt
garam
quiet (a bit harsh)
diam
to keep, store
simpan
hardworkingly
sungguh-sungguh
file, folder
fail
study hardworkingly (diligently) if you want to enter university
belajar sungguh-sungguh/rajin-rajin kalau nak masuk universiti
add salt bit by bit in that food until it taste okay
masukkan garam sikit-sikit dalam makanan tu sampai rasa okay
sit/stay/stand here quietly, dont go anywhere
duduk sini diam-diam, jangan pergi mana-mana
drive the car nicely/carefully later
bawak kereta baik-baik nanti
enter the forest carefully, dont forget to bring food
hati-hati masuk hutan, jangan lupa bawak makanan
store (keep) the letter he gave you correctly in the file
simpan surat dia bagi betul-betul kat dalam fail
slowly
perlahan-lahan / perlahan-perlahan / pelan-pelan
when you write notes, you prefer write big or small?
bila tulis nota, awak lebih suka tulis besar-basar atau kecik-kecik
when you have a walk at the beach, you walk slowly or fast?
bila awak jalan-jalan kat pantai, awak jalan perlahan-lahan atau laju-laju?
when you speak with collegues, you speak loudly or quietly?
bila cakap dengan kawan kerja, awak cakap kuat-kuat atau pelan-pelan?
do you like to learn languages fast or slowly?
awak suka belajar bahasa cepat-cepat atau lambat-lambat (perlahan-lahan)?
suitable
sesuai
eye glasses
cermin mata
find, encounter, meet
jumpa
possession word
punya
teachers book
cikgu punya buku
this houses table
rumah ni punya meja
my advice
saya punya nasihat
mine, yours, his
saya punya, awak punya, dia punya
have you seen my notebook (or not)
awak ada nampak saya punya buku nota tak?
this aquarium is for (belonging to) small fishes, if big fishes, less suitable
akuarium ni ikan kecik punya, kalau ikan besar, kurang sesuai
this eye glasses from who (belongs to whom?) I found them on the eating table just now
cermin mata ni siapa punya? Saya jumpa kat meja makan tadi
why are his eyes red? His has eye pain?
dia punya mata kenapa marah? dia sakit mata ke?
this thing (item) is ours, not theirs
benda ni kitorang punya, bukan diorang punya
to hide
menyorok
go on a vacation
bercuti
souvenir (item)
cenderamata
right away, immediatly
terus
when, while
waktu, masa, bila
when he came back to the village, he had an accident
waktu balik kampung, dia kemalangan
so now he is at hospital, because he is seriously injured
jadi sekarang dia ada kat hospital, sebab dia cedara parah
when they were hiking is the forest, they (accidentaly) saw a tiger with his children
masa diaorang hiking dalam hutan, diaorang ternampak harimau dengan anak-anak dia
they immediatly hide
diorang terus menyorok
when they went on a vacation, they bought many souvenirs for friends and family
bila diaorang pergi bercuti, kitaorang beli banyak cenderamata untuk kawan-kawan dengan keluarga
the day(light) is shorter
siang lebih pendek
I am used to it already
saya dah biasa
brain
otak
we use a white lamp more for the working time
kita guna lampu putih lebih untuk waktu kerja
we use an orange or yellow lamo more for the restin g time
kita guna lampu oren atau kuning lebih untuk waktu rehat
unlucky, bad luck
malang
joy
kegembiraan
sad
sedih
sadness
kesedihan
transform an adjective or adverb to a noun
ke….an
to have, there is/are
ada
to be somewhere
ada kat/di
from whom
dari siapa
whose
siapa punya
various countries
macam-macam negara
race (Rasse)
kaun, bangsa (also means nation)
there are a lot of races
ada macam-macam bangsa
kleine tempura bällchen mit viel Mehl
jemput-jemput / cekodok
I did it myself
saya buat sendiri
my self
diri saya
must have spirit/enthusiasm in one self
mesti ada semangat dalam diri
not good ones
yang tak baik
course
kursus
to give
bagi/beri (formal)
even though
walaupun
like (wie, so wie)
macam
a variety of
macam-macam
to look like
nampak macam
sounds like
dengar macam / bunyi macam
different kinds of people
macam-macam orang
various discounts
macam-macam diskaun
various reasons
macam-macam sebab
you look like (you are) tired, did you have a lot of work today?
awak nampak macam penat, banyak kerja ke hari ni?
when going to the night market, can buy a variety of different kind of food
kalau pergi pasar malam, boleh beli macam-macam jenis makanan
that song is like (sounds like) I ever heard when I was studying at the collegue before. That is an old song, isnt it?
lagu tu (bunyi) macam saya pernah dengar bila saya belajar kat kolej dudu. Tu lagu lama, kan?
analysis, to analyse
analisis
data
data
so that
supaya
mistake, wrong
salah
matter
urusan, hal
to invite
jemput
lets go fishing at Pulau Aman at the end of this month, so you want?
jom pergi memancing kat Pulau Amanhujung bulan ni, nak?
lets analise this data together so that there are no mistakes
mari kita analisis data ni supaya takde salah
please come in the house, make like it is your own
jemput masuk rumah, buat macam rumah sendiri
Mr (you) come for which matter? Can you fill in this form and please take a seat first
Encik datang untuk urasan apa? Boleh isi borang ni dan jemput duduk dulu
self (to you) noum
diri
own, yourself, myself
adjective, adverb
we must believe in us
kita mesti bercaya diri (kita) (sendiri)
dont cheat (lie) to your self, try to say it right
jangan tipu diri sendiri, cuba cakap betul
Aleeza cooked for her self today because her mother was not at home
Aleeza masak diri dia hari ni sebab mak dia takde kat rumah
look your self in the mirror before talking not nicely to people
tengok diri sendiri kat cermin sebelum cakap yang tak baik kat orang
he takes guitar and piano classes for him self
dia ambik kelas gitar dengan piano diri dia sendiri
