Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Haematology > Malaria > Flashcards

Malaria Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most prevalent parasite in Africa?

A

Plasmodium falciparum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most prevalent parasite outside sub-Saharan Africa?

A

Plasmodium vivax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 5 plasmodium species that cause human disease?

A

Falciparum, vivax, malariae, ovale, knowlesi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are risk factors?

A

Travel, infants, pregnancy, old age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the first step in the malaria life cycle?

A

Sporozoites are transferred to a human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where do sporozoites travel to?

A

The liver via the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do sporozoites mature into in the liver?

A

Schizonts containing merozoite offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens when schizonts rupture?

A

Merozoites are released and they enter RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens to merozoites in RBCs?

A

They form larger trophozoites and erythrocytic schizonts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens when erythrocytic schizonts rupture?

A

The clinical presentations of malaria are produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When should you consider malaria?

A

In anyone with a fever who has previously visited a malarial area, regardless of prophylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the symptoms of malaria?

A

Fever, chills, headache, cough, splenomegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What might a patient present with if diagnosis is delayed?

A

Jaundice, confusion, seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What travel history should you take?

A

Country, area, date of return, stopovers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What investigations should you do?

A

Thick and thin smear, travel history, rapid diagnostic tests, PCR, blood tests, CXR, LP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What test detects the parasite antigen?

A

Rapid diagnostic test

17
Q

What should you do if malaria is suspected but blood film is negative?

A

Repeat at 12-24h and then again after another 24h

18
Q

What are some differential diagnoses?

A

Dengue, typhoid, hepatitis, meningitis/encephalitis, HIV, viral haemorrhagic fever

19
Q

When is there a risk of haemolysis with primaquine?

A

In G6PD deficiency

20
Q

When should you get expert help?

A

In pregnancy or G6PD deficiency

21
Q

What shouldn’t you forget about malaria?

A

It is a notifiable disease

22
Q

What should you give patients going to a malarial area?

A

Chemoprophylaxis and bite prevention advice

23
Q

What are symptoms of severe disease in P. falciparum?

A

SOB, fits, hypovolaemia, AKI, nephrotic syndrome

24
Q

What blood tests should be done?

A

FBC, LFT, U&E, blood gases, blood culture

25
Q

What drug is used for non-falciparum malaria?

A

Chloroquine

26
Q

What drug is used for falciparum malaria?

A

Quinine sulphate

27
Q

What should you add IV quinine dihydrochloride

A

Severe falciparum disease

28
Q

Which plasmodium species can lie dormant for 6 months or more?

A

P. vivax, P.ovale

29
Q

How do you treat severe/complicated malaria?

A

IV artesunate or IV quinine + doxycycline if unavailable

Haematology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions