Deep Vein Thrombosis

Question 1

What are some risk factors for DVT?

Answer 1

Age, pregnancy, trauma, previous DVT, obesity, immobility

Question 2

What are some signs of DVT?

Answer 2

Unilateral calf pain, warmth, swelling, redness, ankle oedema

Question 3

What should you do first?

Answer 3

Wells score

Question 4

What should you do if the Wells score is equal to or under 1?

Answer 4

Perform D-dimer

Question 5

What should you do if the Wells score is equal to or greater than 2?

Answer 5

Proximal leg USS

Question 6

What is D-dimer?

Answer 6

A small protein fragment present in blood after a clot is degraded

Question 7

What is the main complication of DVT?

Answer 7

PE

Question 8

What is DVT associated with?

Answer 8

Contraceptive pill, long haul flights, leg fractures, malignancy

Question 9

When can d-dimer also be positive?

Answer 9

Cancer, pregnancy, post-op

Question 10

What tests are available?

Answer 10

D-dimer, USS, Doppler US

Question 11

What treatments are available?

Answer 11

LMWH, oral warfarin, DOAC, compression stockings

Question 12

What should the INR target be on warfarin?

Answer 12

2.5

Question 13

Give an example of a DOAC

Answer 13

Apixaban

Question 14

What is the gold standard investigation?

Answer 14

Doppler USS

Question 15

Give an example of a LMWH

Answer 15

Dalteparin