Malaria Flashcards
What is a parasitic infection caused by the introduction of the protozoan organisms into the blood by the bite of a female anopheles mosquito?
Malaria
Female Anopheles mosquito bites human, what is injected into the human when bitten?
Sporozoites
Sporozoites enter parenchymal cells of liver to become
schizonts
Development in liver is called ________ cycle
Pre-erythrocytic cycle
Further development in the liver after RBC invasion, is called ________ cycle
Exoerythrocytic cycle
Inside parenchymal cells, Schizonts rupture, releasing
merozoites
merozoites burst out of liver cells to invade ______.
RBCs
Merozoites develop to form immature _______.
trophozoites (ring stage)
Mature trophozoites then develop into
schizonts
Schizonts rupture in RBCs, releasing _______.
merozoites
In what stage does differentiation occur into males and females
gametocytes
Beginning of sexual reproduction - production of
zygote
Fertile zygote form
oocyst
Oocyst matures, ruptures, and releases
sporozoites
What are the 4 types of malaria found in humans?
- Falciparum
- Vivax
- Ovale
- Malariae
Which is the most fatal malaria?
Falciparum
When does fever occur in Falciparum?
every 48 hours or every 2nd day.
Which is the most common malaria?
Vivax
When does fever occur in Vivax?
Fever every 48 hours or every 2nd day
When does fever occur in Ovale?
every 48 hours or every 2nd day
When does fever occur in Malariae?
every 72 hours or every 3rd day
Benign Tertian
Vivax and Ovale
Malignant Tertian
Falciparum
Benign Quartan
Malariae
What color tube is used for malaria?
Purple
light blue circular structures with red chromatin
dot?
falciparum
blood sample for malaria may be stored for up to?
3 days
must be stored
2°C to 30°C
(36-86°F)
how many microliters of blood are collected for malaria?
15
how many drops of Reagent A do you place on the pad for malaria?
2 drops
Malaria: Before the mixture reaches the top of the test strip, add how many drops?
4 drops
Read Malaria test results at
15 minutes
T1 = Positive for
Falciparum
T2 = Positive for
Vivax, Malariae, Ovale
T1 & 2 = Positive for
Falciparum and other types
Only the C line:
negative
if the Control “C” line does not appear
test is invalid
Samples must be obtained when patient is
febrile
Malaria must be confirmed with
thick and thin smear sent to NEPMU
For best results when should a specimen for Malaria be collected?
immediately after onset of fever
Smears should be done frequently but no more than
hourly
Smears should be done frequently but no more than
hourly
