Malar/zygoma Fractures

Question 1

Classification of maxillofacial fractures

Answer 1

Naso-ethmoidal fractures
Lateral middle third(Zygoma) fractures
Central middle third fractures
Mandibular fractures

Question 2

Malar(zygoma) fracture clinical signs/symptoms

Answer 2

Periorbital bruising/swelling
Subconjunctival bruising
Sensory deficit- infraorbital nerve
Diplopia
Subcutaneous swelling
Nose bleed
Step deformity

Question 3

Initial care of malar fractures

Answer 3

Exclude occular injury
Prophylactic antibiotics
Avoid blowing nose

Question 4

Definitive management of malar fractures

Answer 4

Review when swelling subsides
Further radiographs +/- CT scans
Informed consent
Closed reduction +/- fixation
Open reduction + internal fixation:
- intraoral incisons
- local facial incisons
- coronal flap exposure