Major Groups of Disease Causing Bacteria- RA2 Flashcards by Jonathan Kallevang

Aerobic Gram (+) Rods

Bacillus (Forms spores)
Cornyebacterium (Chinese Characters)
Listeria

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Anaerobic Spore-Forming Gram (+) Rods

Clostridium (Forms spores & some species have tennis racket appearance)

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Gram (+) Cocci

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Enterococcus

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Enteric Gram (-) Rods

Escherichia 
Campylobacter 
Yernisia enterocolitica 
Salmonella 
Shingella 
Helicobacter 
Vibrio 
Bacteroides

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Non-enteric Gram (-) Rods

Haemophilus 
Legionella 
Francisella 
Pasteurella 
Brucella 
Rickettsia 
Pseudomonas 
Klebseilla 
Yernisia pestis

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Gram (-) Cocci

Neisseria

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Elementary/ Reticulate Body

Chlamydia

Chlamydophila

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Spirochetes

Borrelia

Treponema

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No Cell-Wall

Mycoplasma

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Unique Cell Wall

Mycobacterium

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Which Gram (+) cocci are catalase (+) & which are catalase (-)?

Staphylococcus is Catalase (+)

Streptococcus & Enterococcus are Catalase (-)

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You are attempting to classify a Gram (+) cocci & have determined it to be Catalase (+). What type of Gram (+) Cocci is this? What is the next step?

Staphylococcus

- Coagulase Test

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What will the a positive Coagulase Test tell you?

Positive= staphylococcus aureus

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The Gram (-) Cocci in question is Coagulase negative. What is the next step?

Novobiocin Test

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What will the Novobiocin Test tell you?

Sensitive= Staphylococcus epidermidis 
Resistant= Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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You are attempting to classify a Gram (+) cocci & have determined it to be Catalase (-). What type of Gram (+) Cocci could this be?

Either Streptococcus or Enterococcus

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What is the next step after determining that the Gram (+) Cocci is Catalase (-)?

Hemolysis on Blood Agar Test

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What are the three possible results of a Hemolysis on Blood Agar Test?

Alpha
Beta
Gamma

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The Gram (+) Cocci is gamma on the Hemolysis on Blood Agar Test. What do you now know?

This is an Enterococcus species

After determining that the Gram (+) Cocci in question is alpha on Hemolysis on Blood Agar Test, what is the next step?

Optochin Sensitivity Test

What species is sensitive on Optochin Sensitivity Test?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

What species is resistant on Optochin Sensitivity Test?

Enterococcus species

After determining that the Gram (+) Cocci in question is beta on Hemolysis on Blood Agar Test, what is the next step?

Bacitracin Sensitivity Test

What species is sensitive on Bacitracin Sensitivity Test?

Streptococcus pyogens

What species is resistant on Bacitracin Sensitivity Test?

Streptococcus agalactiae

You are attempting to determine the genera of a Gram (+) Rod. You perform the Anaerobic Growth Test & it is positive. What is the bacterium?

Clostridium species

You are attempting to determine the genera of a Gram (+) Rod. You perform the Anaerobic Growth Test and it is negative. What is the next step?

Spore Formation Test

A Gram (+) Rod is Anaerobic Growth Test (-). You perform the Spore Formation Test & it is positive. What genera must this bacterium be?

Bacillus

How would you differentiate between Bacillus species if a spore formation test was positive?

Motility Test

A Gram (+) Rod is Anaerobic Growth Test (-), Spore Formation Test (+), & Motility Test (+). What species is it?

Bacillus cereus

A Gram (+) Rod is Anaerobic Growth Test (-) & Spore Formation Test (-). What genera could it be?

Listeria or Corynebacterium

A Gram (+) Rod is Anaerobic Growth Test (-) & Spore Formation Test (-). How would you determine what species it is?

Motility Test

A Gram (+) Rod is Anaerobic Growth Test (-) & Spore Formation Test (-). You perform the Motility Test & it is positive. What bacteria is this?

Listeria monocytogenes

A Gram (+) Rod is Anaerobic Growth Test (-) & Spore Formation Test (-). You perform the Motility Test & it is negative. What bacteria is this?

Corynebacterium diptheriae

A Neisseria species is Maltose Test (+). What species is it?

Neisseria meningitidis

A Neisseria species is Maltose Test (-). What species is it?

Neiseria gonorrhoeae

You are attempting to classify Enteric Gram (-) Rods. What is the first test that you should perform?

Lactose Fermentation Test?

You are attempting to classify Enteric Gram (-) Rods & perform a Lactose Fermentation Test, which is positive. What could this bacteria be?

Escherichieae coli | Klebsiella pneumoniae*

You are attempting to classify Enteric Gram (-) Rods & perform a Lactose Fermentation Test, which is negative. What is the next step?

H2 Production Test/ Motility Test

You are attempting to classify Enteric Gram (-) Rods & perform a Lactose Fermentation Test; the test is negative. Next you perform a H2 Production Test/Motility Test, which is positive. What bacteria could is this be?

Salmonella enterica Salmonella typhi Proteus species

You are attempting to classify Enteric Gram (-) Rods & perform a Lactose Fermentation Test; the test is negative. Next you perform a H2 Production Test/Motility Test, which is negative. What bacteria could is this be?

Shigella species | Yernisia pestis*

Chlamydia & Chlamydophila

Obligate parasites

Borrelia

Wright's Staining

Mycobacteria

Acid Fast Staining

Mycoplasma

Lack cell wall