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MTAP2 CC2 > MAGNESIUM > Flashcards

MAGNESIUM Flashcards

1
Q

DIVALENT CATION (Mg2+)
2ND MAJOR INTRACELLULAR CATION

A

MAGNESIUM

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2
Q

Involved in neuromuscular conduction, enzyme phosphorylation, and protein anabolism
MAINLY DERIVED FROM DIET (Exogenous source)

A

MAGNESIUM

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3
Q

Distribution of Magnesium
o Bone:

A

53%

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4
Q

Distribution of Magnesium
o Muscle and other organs and soft tissues:

A

46%

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5
Q

Distribution of Magnesium
Serum and RBC:

A

<1%

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6
Q

Forms of Magnesium in serum
o Protein Bound:

A

33%

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7
Q

Forms of Magnesium in serum
o Free or ionized:

A

61% (physiologically ACTIVE FORM)

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8
Q

Forms of Magnesium in serum
o Complexed with PO4- and citrate:

A

6%

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9
Q

PTH means

A

parathyroid hormone

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10
Q

Produced by parathyroid gland

A

parathyroid hormone

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11
Q

Responsible for the increase renal reabsorption of magnesium

A

parathyroid hormone

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12
Q

T/F. PTH, Increases the intestinal absorption of Mg2+ because it can also be derived from the diet

A

True

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13
Q

T/F. PTH activity is INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL to the calcium & magnesium level in the blood

A

False, DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL

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14
Q

T4 means

A

Aldosterone and thyroxine

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15
Q

T/F. Aldosterone and thyroxine (T4), promotes ↑ RENAL EXCRETION of magnesium and calcium

A

True

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16
Q

T/F. Aldosterone and thyroxine (T4), promotes sodium absorption

A

True

17
Q

Normal range of Magnesium

A

0.63-1.0 mmol/L or 1.26-2.10 mEq/L

18
Q

T/F. Normal level of Mg is HIGHER compared with Na+ & Cl-

A

False, Normal level is LOWER

19
Q

CAUSES OF HYPOMAGNESEMIA

A

Reduced Intake
Decreased Absorption
Others

20
Q

Causes of Reduced Intake

A

Poor diet/starvation
Prolonged Mg+ - deficient IV
Chronic Alcoholism

21
Q

Causes of Decreased Absorption

A

Malabsorption Syndrome
Pancreatitis, Diarrhea
Vomiting, Laxative use, etc.
Neonatal – due to surgery
Primary – selective malabsorption
Congenital – transport defect in SI

22
Q

Other Causes of HYPOMAGNESEMIA

A

Excess Lactation
Pregnancy (developing fetus)

23
Q

CAUSES OF HYPOMAGNESEMIA (DUE TO INCREASED EXCRETION)

A

Renal
Endocrine
Drug Induced

24
Q

Causes of Renal

A

Tubular disorder, Pyelonephritis
Glomerulonephritis

25
Q

Causes of Endocrine

A

Hyperparathyroidism - ↑Ca ↓Mg
Hyperaldosteronism - ↑Na ↓Mg
Hyperthyroidism - ↑Mg excretion
Hypercalcemia - ↑Ca ↓Mg
Diabetic Ketoacidosis – glycosuria

26
Q

Causes of Drug Induced

A

Diuretics (Furosemide, Thiazide)
Antibiotics (Gentamicin)
Cyclosporin (Immunosuppressant)
Digitalis and Digoxin (Glycosides)

27
Q

CAUSES OF HYPERMAGNESEMIA

A

↓ Excretion, acute/chronic renal failure – GFR <30 mL/min
Hypoaldosteronism – ↓Na ↑Mg reabsorption
↑ Increased intake (Medications and Therapy)
Dehydration – pseudo hypermagnesemia
Bone carcinoma and bone metastases – due to ↑ in bone loss

28
Q

What are the tube and specimen needed for Specimen Collection of Magnesium?

A

Serum, Plasma (Lithium heparin), 24-hour urine

29
Q

T/F. Hemolysis causes false ↑ as it is also found in the RBC

A

True

30
Q

REFERENCE METHOD for Mg

A

AAS

31
Q

Magnesium concentration is DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL to the absorbance

A

COLORIMETRIC METHOD

32
Q

Reaction: Mg2+ + Calmagite → Reddish-violet (532 nm)
The level of Magnesium is DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL with the reddish-violet product

A

CALGAMITE METHOD

33
Q

Reaction: Mg2+ + Dye → colored complex (660 nm)

A

FORMAZEN DYE METHOD

34
Q

Reaction: Mg2+ + Chromogen → colored complex

A

METHYL THYMOL BLUE METHOD

35
Q

Serum will undergo deproteinization process using TCA to precipitate and remove proteins → TCA filtrate of the serum
Reaction: Serum TCA filtrate + Titan Yellow → Red compound

A

TITAN YELLOW

36
Q

Reaction: Mg2+ + 8-hydroxyl-5-quinoline sulfonic acid → fluorescence
(Wavelength: 380-410nm)

A

FLUOROMETRIC METHOD

MTAP2 CC2 (12 decks)

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