Macromolecules quiz Flashcards
Macromolecules are _____ (many units) made up of ______ (one unit).
polymers, monomers
Dehydration Synthesis
forms macromolecules , monomers covalently bonded together, water is a byproduct, requires energy.
Hydrolysis
breaks macromolecules into monomers, requires water for reaction, releases energy.
Elements and Ratio for Carbohydrates
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. 1:2:1
Monomer for carbohydrates
monosaccharides (simple sugar)
Complex carbohydrates are ___________
polysaccharides
Glucose is found in… and its function is….
all cells….energy
Starch is found in…..and its function is…
plants…store extra energy
cellulose is found in…. and its function is…
plant cell walls…cell wall support
glycogen is found in…. and its function is…
liver and muscle cells…storing energy
Carbohydrate exampes
glucose, starch, cellulose, and glycogen
Lipid elements and subunits.
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Very little Oxygen. Carbon backbone and fatty acid chains
Examples of Lipids
Fats, oils, waxes, cholesteral, and steroids
Fats function and where they are found.
storing energy and INSULATION, animals
oils are found in what and their function is…
plants and store energy
waxes are found in what and their function is…
plants/animals and protection/structure
steroids are found in what and their function is…
animals, and cell comunication
Cholesterol is found in what and their function is….
animal cell membrane, and membrane fluidity.
Protein elements and subunits
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen. Their subunit is aino acids
Special bonds between protein subunits
Peptide _________
Chain=
Coded for by ____
bond
polypeptide
DNA
Name all structural proteins
Hair, fingernails, feathers, muscle, and spider webs.
Name all functional proteins
Enzymes, hemoglobin, insulin, and antibodies.
Nucleic acids elements and subunits
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus. Subunits are nucleotides
The three parts of Nucleic acids subunits are….
Sugar
Phosphate
Nitrogenous base
Describe the function and where DNA is found
It is found in the nucleus. Its functions are to store and organisms genetic code, and code for protein.
Describe where RNA is found and its function
Nucleus, and to decode DNA
Examples of Nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
Organic:
compound containing carbon
Inorganic:
compound not containing carbon
Macromolecule:
large organic compound made up of monomers
monomer:
subunit
Polmer
long chains of monomers linked together
Primary-
sequence of amino acids
secondary-
amino acids coiling into corkscrew like shape
teritiary-
folding into blob, molecules waiting for business
quaternary-
collection of 2 or more poly-peptides
Carbohydrates end in ____
OSE
