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Greece Flashcards

1
Q

A small country located in ________, that is _________ and surrounded by water?

A

Europe, Mountainious

Greece

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2
Q

Greece has thousands of small _______ offshore, that lead to _______

A

islands, Asia

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3
Q

Mainland Greece is a ______

A

penisula

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4
Q

People made a living from the ____, and some places they were able to grow wheat, barely olives, and grapes

A

sea

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5
Q

island of _____ lies southeast of ______ mainland. Named what?

A

Crete, Greek

Knossos

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6
Q

Minoans were not _______, but they were the ______ to arise in the region.

A

Greeks, First

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7
Q

Why are Minoans considered advanced?

A

They were the first civilization in their region and traded a lot.

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8
Q

Minoan Society made their wealth from ______ including, _______ artifacts, cloth

A

Trade, Marble

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8
Q

Minoans sailed as far as ____ and _______

A

Egypt and Syria

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9
Q

By 2000 Bc Minoan ships controlled the Eastern ________________ Sea.

A

Meditterrean

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10
Q

Decline of the Minoan Society around ________ BC and they ______

A

1450, collapsed

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11
Q

What was the society that would become famous from Indo-European Central Asia, due to the Trojan War?

A

Mycenaean society

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12
Q

Why were the dark ages considered dark?

A

loss of writing and poverty set in and people stopped teaching others.

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13
Q

3 positives of the dark ages

A

Alphabet, weapons, and colonization

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14
Q

Fortified Palaces?

A

Ruler lived there, surrounded by giant stone walls.

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15
Q

1400 BC who replaced the Minoans as the major power on the Meddittereans sea?

A

Myceneans

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16
Q

The Dorians settled in ________ during the dark ages. They brought ______ weapons

A

Peloponnesus, Iron

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17
Q

By 1100 Bc the Mycenaean Civilization collapsed and was replaced by the _______

A

Dorians

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18
Q

Polis

A

City-state/like an independant country

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19
Q

Agora

A

Fortified center of city/state refuge in case of attacks/ religious center

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20
Q

Agora

A

Open area/market and debate, and the boundaries were formed by geography

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21
Q

Parathon

A

A statue dedicated to the Malden Goddess Athena

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22
Q

hoplites

A

citizen soilders

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23
Q

phalanx

A

A fighting formation that helped Greece win Battle of Marathon

24
Q

Tyrants

A

someone who takes power with force and controls with total authority

25
Q

Athens has what type of government

A

Democracy

26
Q

What were the requirements of being a Greek Citizen

A

free native-born men who owned land

27
Q

Responsibilities of Greek citizens

A

Duty to serve in the government, and to fight for their polis

28
Q

Helots

A

anyone Sparta had captured and enslaved

29
Q

Describe the life of a spartan boy.

A

-They were in military training from 7-20 years old
-active duty from 20-30 years old
-30-60 at home
-60 and above they were retired

30
Q

Describe how spartan boys were treated in military training.

A

They were deprived of clothes, and deprived of food. They were taught to steal, and fight other boys to create strengthness.

31
Q

What would happen if a baby boy in Sparta had a formality at birth?

A

They would be left on top of a mountain to die.

32
Q

What was the government established in Sparta?

A

Oligarchy

33
Q

Efors-

A

council of elders that served in Spartan government (oligarchy)

34
Q

Who was Solan and why was he important?

A

Athenian politician that set the grounds.

35
Q

Who was Cleisthenes and why was he important?

A

Statesman- regarded as founder of Athenian Democracy.

36
Q

Who united the Persians into a powerful kingdom

A

Darius I

37
Q

List two Persian Kings that led attacks against the greeks

A

Darius I, and Xerxes

38
Q

What happened at the battle of marathon?

A

Darius’s messenger was thrown down a well when asking for land and water. Persians began to conquer Athens first, Sparta didn’t help Athens though. Persians were unprepared and defeated. After that remaining Persians when to Athens and were killed and defeated once again.

39
Q

What happened at the battle of Thermopylae

A

Athens and Sparta finally united to try and conquer Persia, but all 300 of Spartans were killed, and Leonidas. Then Xerxes (son of Darius) advanced to Athens burning their whole city down and killing all people remaining.

40
Q

What happened at the battle of Salamis

A

This was a naval battle and Athens had smaller boats that maneuvered around Persia’s big boats and defeated Persia.

41
Q

What happened at the battle of Platea

A

Finally Xerxes just retreated his army back into Persia and faced defeat

42
Q

What was the Delian league and why was it formed?

A

Group of Greek city-states that were created to protect themselves from Persia.

43
Q

What was the Peloponnesian league
and why was it created?

A

group of Greek City states created by Sparta, and it was there to protect themselves from other places.

44
Q

What was the Age of Pericles

A

The first two years after he established the Delian League and turned it into an Athenian Empire. Leading them into the first two years of the Peloponnesian war.

45
Q

Who won the Peloponnesian war

A

Sparta

46
Q

Why didn’t the Athenians leave their city to fight the Spartans

A

They wanted to fight a defensive batttle, but it ultimately did not help them.

47
Q

When the spartans could not capture Athens what did they do instead

A

burned down all of their villages.

48
Q

How did Athens fight back against the spartans

A

Used their navy to raid Peloponnesian lands, and attacked allies.

49
Q

Why was the battle of Pylos important

A

Athens won/captured spartans

49
Q

Why was the battle of Pylos important

A

Athens won/captured spartans

50
Q

What caused Athens and Sparta to agree on the peace of Nicias?

A

The war was going nowhere, but the treaty only lasted 3 years.

51
Q

What caused the end if the Peace of Nicias?

A

Angered Allies of Sparta

52
Q

King of Persia who declared war on Athens and started the Persian wars.

A

Darious I

53
Q

King of Persia who fought Leonidas at the battle of Thermopylae

A

Xerxes

54
Q

Greek city-state with the strongest military

A

Sparta

55
Q

Greek runner who yelled Rejoice “we conquer!” then died

A

Pheidippidies

56
Q

Spartan leader of the brave 300

A

Leonidas

57
Q

Greek general who commanded the navy at salamis

A

themistocles

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