Machine learning for enterprises: Applications, algorithm selection, and challenges.

Question 1

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

What are vision of Internet of Things (IoT) ?

Answer 1

vision of Internet of Things (IoT) = wearables as devices worn by humans
* to meet challenges and opportunities of these wearables, IS executives need set of decision frameworks to explore

Question 2

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

What is THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) ?

Answer 2

IoT: allows everyday physical objects to be connected to Internet so that they can collect data, identify themselves to other devices, engage in data exchange & be controlled by other devices
* IoT extends beyond portable electronic devices – includes vehicles, household appliances etc

Question 3

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

What are Wearable technologies ?

Answer 3

Wearable technologies: technological enhancement of products that can be worn on almost any part of anatomy (watches, glasses, shoes); contain computer chip + communicating & computing power

• fashion appeal + security (personal data + physical injury avoidance) is very critical
• wearable technologies will represent huge future market

Question 4

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

What is THE INTERNET OF PEROPLE ?

Answer 4

IoP: people work through their devices, not directly with them & thus focus on things that matter

-> * wearables such as armbands, musle enhancers, torso bands, belts, thigh bands, socks, shoes will not only be part of IoT -> they will make people part of IoT and thus create Internet of People (IoP)

Question 5

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

What is The SOURCE-USER (SU) GRID ?

Answer 5

Source-user grid: helps executives understand information flows of the device – who uses the data generated and how does the wearable generate the data
* two dimension: 1) main user of info 2) source of data  focus on people and problems rather than software and technology

-> siehe article

Question 6

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

SOURCE-USER (SU) GRID: What is Self-situation awareness?

Answer 6

Self-situation awareness: wearer + external source  Google glass: using internet to get information

Question 7

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

SOURCE-USER (SU) GRID: What is Other-situation awareness?

Answer 7

Other-situation awareness: someone else + external  Safelet: someone else sees wearers geographic location

Question 8

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

SOURCE-USER (SU) GRID: What is Self-awareness?

Answer 8

Self-awareness: wearer + wearer as source  Lechal Shoe: measures wearers movements and shows him with vibrations when to turn right & left

Question 9

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

SOURCE-USER (SU) GRID: What is Other-awareness?

Answer 9

Other-awareness: someone else + wearer as a source  SmartCap: truck companies know for ow long truck drivers have been working

Question 10

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

What is Purpose-interaction matrix?

Answer 10

Purpose-interaction matrix: helps executives understand different purposes for wearable device in terms of human experience of wearing it as well as whether the device is intended to interact with wearer only or with other devices or people
* two dimensions: 1) purpose of device (amplification/attenuation) 2) who device interactions with (wearer/non-wearer)

-> siehe article

Question 11

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

Purpose-interaction matrix: What is Amplification?

Answer 11

Amplification: individual’s ordinary awareness can be extended or enhanced (even to point of ultra-consciousness)

Question 12

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

Purpose-interaction matrix: What is Attenuation?

Answer 12

Attenuation: wearable technology can take something that once occupied person’s conscious awareness and drop it below this level by performing task automatically = making unconscious

Question 13

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

What is 5-E Framework?

Answer 13

5-E Framework: combines insights from PI matrix & SU grid = combines source of information with purpose of device
* 4 quadrants: describe different types of organisational problems and introduce opportunities for wearable solutions to be deployed or developed+

-> siehe article

Question 14

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

5-E Framework: WHAT Does ELIMINATE stand for?

Answer 14

ELIMINATE
* elimination of residual external risk: those risks that are not addressable with current technology
 smart helmets + smart cars: elimination of blind sport accidents by altering both cyclist (smart helmet) and driver (smart car cloud) of each other’s position – smart technology only makes itself aware in situations of risk

Question 15

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

5-E Framework: WHAT Does EXTEND stand for?

Answer 15

EXTEND
* extending internal capacity: wearables that extend time during which we can remain productive and healthy individuals and employees; attenuate & monitor performance until performance degrades and intervention is required
 Diabetes contact lenses: checks insulin in tears of wearer and signals when blood not normal; monitors, does not improve capabilities but extends capacity to operate at acceptable performance levels

Question 16

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

5-E Framework: WHAT Does ELEVATE stand for?

Answer 16

ELEVATE
* elevate internal competence: wearables that operate in ultra-conscious; amplifies wearer’s ordinary awareness  elevate competencies (knowledge) and capabilities (processes to apply competencies)
 robotic suits: give manual labourers super strength to effortlessly carry heavy parts tirelessly

Question 17

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

5-E Framework: WHAT Does ENRICH & EXPAND stand for?

Answer 17

ENRICH & EXPAND
* enrich & expand interaction with environment: connects wearer to external environment while amplifying her ordinary awareness
 augmented reality (AR) wearables: overlap digital information onto physical world via electronic device – Optech4D: glasses for maintenance workers that recognise piece of equipment, shows service history and relevant maintenance procedures

Question 18

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

WHAT IS THE CONCLUSION?

Answer 18

CONCLUSIONS
* when info and communication devices weave into our everyday lives, they fade away from our consciousness  we stop working knowingly with them but now take them for granted and work through them unconsciously
* Internet of Everything is emerging = not standalone devices, but highly connected parts of system
* when things and people are connected, new ways of working and living may follow

Question 19

(Article: Extending Business Values through Wearables)

WHAT are RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MANAGERS?

Answer 19

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MANAGERS – USING WEARABLES
* risk management issues – eliminate
* declining performance of employees – extend
* human skills as bottlenecks in supply chain & data accessibility issue limits – enrich or expand
 wearables can be used in business in many different ways: may sit in background and attenuate data, while at same time amplify other data; can expose wearer to contextual data while showing other collective data to improve organisational efficiencies