M6 Topic 1 properties of acids and bases Flashcards
What are the properties of acids (3)
- Have a sour taste
- aqueous acid solutions conduct electricity (release of H+ ions)
- Corrosive to metal and human skin (acid burn)
What are the properties of bases (4)
- Have a bitter taste
- Caustic, (burn and corrode, organic tissue)
- Corrosive to metal and human skin
- found in most household cleaning products
what types of acids are there (4)
Binary acids
Oxyacids
Organic acids
Inorganic(mineral) acids
what are binary acids
acid combining hydrogen with a non-metal (ie HCl,HBr,HI)
what are Oxyacids
an acid where the donated hydrogen is attached to an oxygen (ie H₂SO₄, H₃PO₄)
what are Organic acids
Acids containing carbon and a carboxyl groups (ie CH₃COOH-Acetic acid)
what are inorganic acids
Produced from minerals, contain no carbon (ie. H2SO4, HCl, HNO3)
what is the Arrhenius definition of acids
hydrogen containing substances that dissociate in solution producing H+ ions
what is the Arrhenius definition of bases
substances containing a Hydroxyl group that dissociates in solution to produce OH- ions
what was the problem with the arrhenius definition
it could not explain bases that did not have a hydroxyl group like ammonia NH₃
what is the bronsted lowry definition of acids
Acids are proton (H+) donors
what is the Bronsted Lowry definition of bases
Bases are proton (H+) acceptors
What is the problem with the arrhenius definition
it can’t explain acidic and basic oxides as thay do not have hydrogen yet are still able to make salt
what is the Lewis definition of Acids
acids are electron pair acceptors
what is the lewis definition for bases
bases are electron pair donors
