M6 Test 1 Flashcards
Cervicogenic headaches, TMJ dysfunction, and/or vertigo may arise from inter-segmental joint dysfunction in the ____ spine
Upper cervical
Red flags of this condition include dizziness, facial or extremity paresthesia, visual disturbances, drop attacks, and difficulty swallowing, speaking or walking.
Vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency
The most common and realistic complication of cervical SMT is ____
Local soreness
__-__% of all headaches are referred from the cervical spine and are classified as _____
15-25%, cervicogenic
The mean age for cervicogenic headache (CGH) is in the 40’s, and the condition affects women more often than men at a rate of __:__
4:1
By definition, CGH is ____, but in some cases it may present ____ (unilateral/bilateral)
Unilateral, bilateral
The American Headache Society endorses the acronym _____ to identify worrisome headache red flags
SNOOP
Identify what the acronym SNOOP stands for:
Systemic symptoms (fever, weight loss)
Neurologic signs (confusion, impaired alertness)
Onset (sudden and abrupt HA that peak quickly)
Older (new HA in patients >50 - temporal arteritis)
Previous HA Hx (new HA that deviates significantly from prior pattern)
The _____ (suboccipital muscle) shares a dense connective tissue bridge with the pain-sensitive dura at the level of the atlantooccipital junction
Rectus capitus posterior MINOR
The most important clinical finding for the diagnosis of CGH is _____ restriction
Upper cervical spine
Weak cervical flexors, rhomboids, and lower traps with hypertonic pecs, suboccipitals and upper traps suggests what common syndrome?
Upper crossed
___ is the leading presenting complaint for seniors over age 75.
Dizziness
The term _____, first described in 1955 by Ryan and Cope, describes dizziness or disequilibrium originating from abnormal proprioceptive activity in the cervical spine.
Cervicogenic vertigo
____ is suggested by a history of dizziness associated with cervical movement and concurrent neck pain.
Cervicogenic vertigo
The most common cause of vertigo is _____, which is responsible for between 17 and 42% of all cases.
BPPV
____ function can be assessed with Romberg, finger to nose, heel to knee, and gait assessment.
Cerebellar
The ____ test aims to isolate cervical mechanoreceptors without stimulating the vestibular apparatus. This test is used to differentiate cervicogenic vertigo from BPPV.
Rotating stool (or Neck torsion test)
The ____ test is a classic assessment for BPPV, but may also provoke cervicogenic vertigo.
Dix-Hallpike
____ is caused by involuntary, unilateral contraction of the neck muscles, particularly the SCM and trapezius. This protective measure results in lateral flexion and CONTRAlateral rotation
Torticollis
List the four basic forms of torticollis:
- Congenital (at birth)
- Acquired (post-trauma or in response to inflammatory process)
- Spasmodic (AKA cervical dystonia: unknown etiology-painful progressive involuntary contraction of SCM)
- Acute (common-affecting younger and middle aged patients, onset sudden, often present upon rising. Generally self resolving in days to weeks)
This type of torticollis is generally thought to be from sleeping in an awkward position, or a cold draft from a fan or window.
Acute torticollis
____ injuries are the leading cause of acute cervical sprain/strains, followed by sporting injuries.
Whiplash
Current literature suggests that up to __% of individuals involved in a MVA suffer a whiplash injury.
83%
Initial opening of the TMJ is ____, while full opening requires _____
Rotational, forward translation
A TMJ sprain is known as ____
Capsulitis
Pain with protrusion, lateral movement of the jaw, and chewing on the opposite side would most likely indicate?
Capsulitis (sprain)
A good ortho test for suspicion of capsulitis?
Condylar stretch test (mandible down and forward)
Ipsilateral TMJ pain that is worse with full closure?
Synovitis
The articular disc is ____ displaced in synovitis
Anteriorly
Lateral deviation to the opposite side in the resting position might indicate what TMJ disorder?
Synovitis
A good ortho for synovitis?
Condylar compression test (mandible posterosuperior)
A person who has difficulty opening their jaw completely would have?
Closed lock (TMJ)
Treatment for a “clicking disc” would be applying pressure anterosuperior on the mandible to get it to grab the disc and then?
Short thrusts posterosuperior to attempt to bring the disc back to it’s normal resting position
Stretching the temporalis and masseter muscles would include opening the jaw as widely as possible and assisting further with the hand/finger
True
