M5 Elbow, Wrist, Hand Flashcards
The common name for this condition is Tennis Elbow
Lateral Epicondylitis
Lateral epicondylitis is most commonly due to repeated wrist _____
Extension
Most typically, the primary pathology of lateral epicondylitis is tendinosis of what muscle tendon?
Extensor carpi radialis BREVIS
Typically, lateral epicondylitis affects individuals greater than __ years of age
40
Lateral epicondylitis would involve pain while the forearm is ____ (pronated/supinated)
Pronated
List 3 orthopedic tests to help diagnose lateral epicondylitis:
- Cozen’s (pt resists wrist flexion)
- Kaplan sign (“Dynamometer test”)
- Mill’s (flex, pronate wrist, extend elbow all in one motion)
If a patient has a condition of the elbow, always make sure to examine what other structures/areas?
Shoulder, wrist
Repeated steroid injections can cause what? (Soft tissue related)
Rupture of a tendon in the area of injection
A condition of ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow. ___ syndrome
Cubital tunnel
List the top two most common compressive neuropathy’s of the upper extremity in order:
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
2. Cubital tunnel syndrome
Cubital tunnel syndrome affects ___ 3-8 times more often than the opposite sex.
Men
Elbow flexion reduces the cubital tunnel’s height by __%
55%
Hand “clawing”, or abduction of the 5th digit (Wartenberg Sign) are signs of what peripheral nerve being damaged?
Ulnar (cubital tunnel syndrome, commonly)
List 3 orthopedic tests to help diagnose cubital tunnel syndrome/ulnar nerve pathology:
- Elbow flexion test
- Tinel’s sign
- Froment’s (piece of paper between thumb/index - thumb in adduction
____ is sometimes referred to as “golfer’s elbow)
Medial epicondylitis
Medial epicondylitis only accounts for __-__% of epicondylitis diagnoses (lateral would be the other)
10-20%
___ elbow is sometimes considered a variant of medial epicondylitis. It involves a traction apophysis of the medial epicondyle.
Little Leaguer’s
Medial epicondylitis typically occurs with overuse involving wrist ___ and ___
Flexion, pronation
In baseball and softball players, rule out an injury to the _____ ligament, which is more common than medial epicondylitis
Ulnar collateral
Is carpal tunnel syndrome more common in males or females?
Females
A patient with carpal tunnel syndrome might have ____ atrophy in their hand
Thenar
When adjusting the carpal bones in treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome, which vector should you use to help open up space?
A-P
____ tenosynovitis is a painful inflammation of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons leading to the thumb.
Dequervain’s
Name this orthopedic test for Dequervain’s tenosynovitis: patient make a fist around the thumb and ulnar deviates the wrist.
Finkelstein’s test
A ___ cyst is a sometimes painless (35%) tumor or swelling on top of a joint or the covering of a tendon
Ganglion
Ganglion cysts are also sometimes referred to as ____ cysts, and are more common in women.
Bible
Most commonly (60-70%), where are ganglion cysts located?
Dorsum of the hand/wrist
The most commonly fractured carpal bone?
Scaphoid
___ sign is an orthopedic test where the patient is instructed to make a fist, but keep the fingers uncurled. A positive is if the fingers are “askew”. This will help detect carpometacarpal or phalangeal derangement
Cascade
