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BIO 2 > M6: Evidences Of Evolution > Flashcards

M6: Evidences Of Evolution Flashcards

1
Q

two types of EVIDENCES OF EVOLUTION

F________
B___________

A

fossil
biological

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2
Q

fossil evidence include

b____ fossils
t_____ fossils

A

body
trace

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3
Q

biological evidence include

  1. C_________ A______
  2. E__________
  3. M___________ Biology
A
  1. comparative anatomy
  2. embryology
  3. molecular biology
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4
Q

Microfossil and Macrofossil

A

Body Fossils -

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5
Q

Remains of tiny animals and plants found in rocks and sediments

A

Microfossils

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6
Q

Fossils of bacteria, foraminifera, diatoms, very small invertebrate shells or skeletons, pollen, and tiny bones and teeth of large vertebrates

A

Microfossils

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7
Q

A fossil large enough to be studied and identified without the use of a microscope.
Can be the actual remains of an organism

A

Macrofossils

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8
Q

Can be fossilized impressions of the organism onto its surroundings

A

Macrofossils

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9
Q

Can be hardened minerals that form the external features of an organism

A

Macrofossils

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10
Q

Can be made up of original material or original tissue

A

Macrofossils

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11
Q

is the preserve evidence of the activity of an organism.

A

Trace fossils

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12
Q

Example, foot imprints in mud made by walking on top or tracks made by organisms that burrow on sand or mud.

A

Trace fossils

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13
Q

two types of FOSSIL FORMATION

M___________
C______________

A

Mineralization
Carbonization

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14
Q

This happens when the remains of dead animals are buried in soil, mud, or sediment and minerals in water from the ocean, rain, or river replaced the organism’s original body structure. This mineral hardens into a fossils

A

Mineralization

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15
Q

A fossil forms when a dead organism is compressed overtime and pressure drives off the organism’s liquid and gases, only the carbon outline or film of the organism remains.

A

Carbonization

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16
Q

2 ways to DETERMINING A FOSSIL AGE

R____- age dating
A_________- age dating

A

Relative- age dating
Absolute- age dating

17
Q

determines the relative order in which species have appeared on earth.

A

Relative- age dating

18
Q

what rock is at the top? the youngest or the oldest?

19
Q

measure the ratio of unstable isotopes and stable isotopes to find the age of igneous rocks

A

Radioactive decay

20
Q

used in absolute age dating

A

Radioactive decay

21
Q

are the body parts of organisms that are SIMILAR IN STRUCTURE and position but DIFF IN FUNCTION

A

Homologous structures

22
Q

re the body parts of organisms that have the SAME FUNCTION, but DIFF IN STRUCTURE.

A

Analogous structures

23
Q

are body parts that have lost its original function over time.

A

Vestigial structures

24
Q

Comparison of Embryos

Embryos of different species resemble each other during embryological development.

A

Embryology

25
Q

All vertebrate embryos have ___________ pouches.

A

pharyngeal

26
Q

Comparing DNA sequences.

All organisms on earth have genes. All genes are made of DNA, and all DNA follow a certain sequence or code. By comparing genes and proteins of organism’s, scientists can be able to tell how related they are.

A

Molecular Biology

27
Q

Is a protein found in mitochondria.

It is used in the study of evolutionary relationships because most animals have this protein.

A

Cytochrome- c

28
Q

Humans and _________ __________ have nearly identical cytochrome-c, which prove that they are closely related.

A

rhesus monkeys

29
Q

Humans Cyt-c - ____ amino acids

Monkey Cyt-c - _____ amino acids

A

Humans Cyt-c - 104 amino acids
Monkey Cyt-c 103 amino acids

30
Q

Why do we need to study evolution and its evidences?

G_________ - Used to illustrate earth processes

________ __ ______. - Teaches us about the beginnings and transformations of life itself.

E________ A___ - All living organisms inhabited the Earth only during certain time intervals and are reflected in the fossil record in sequence according to each layer of rock sediment

E___________ - Help us understand the environment where extinct lifeforms once existed.

C______ S______ - Allows paleontologists to reconstruct ancient environments

H_____ origins - Paleoanthropologists study hominid fossils to understand the beginnings of human life, from the tools our ancestors used, the food they ate, their physical adaptations, to their social behavior and migration patterns.

Our past and future- “History repeats itself” - Leads to discoveries and understanding of Earth’s processes which can benefit mankind.

A

Geology
beginnings of life
earth’s age
ecosystem
climate studies
human origins
Our past and future- “History repeats itself” -

BIO 2 (9 decks)

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