M5. Abstract & Concrete Variables.

Question 1

• Not measured directly
• Not easily defined
• Measured by combining the results of 2 or more item scores into single index

example: ATTITUDE

Answer 1

Abstract.

Question 2

• Measured directly
• Easily defined
• Closely related to observed variables

Example: HEIGHT & WEIGHT.

Answer 2

Concrete.

Question 3

Indicators of a Variable:

Answer 3

1. single.
2. composite.
3. proxy indicator.

Question 4

Obvious and has one indicator.

Answer 4

Single

Question 5

Not so obvious and can have multiple indicators.

Answer 5

Composite