M4: Community Ecology - Species Interaction

Question 1

What type of species interaction wherein both species are harmed?

Answer 1

Competition

Question 2

What type of species interaction wherein both species benefits?

Answer 2

Mutualism

Question 3

What type of species interaction wherein one benefits and the other is harmed?

Answer 3

Predation or Parasitism

Question 4

What type of species interaction wherein one benefits and the other is neutral?

Answer 4

Commensalism

Question 5

What type of species interaction wherein one is harmed and the other is neutral?

Answer 5

Amensalism

Question 6

What type of species interaction wherein both species are unaffected?

Answer 6

Neutralism

Question 7

What is the chemical release that kills/harms one species?

Answer 7

Allelopathy

Question 8

What competitive interaction where it is a general classification for direct interactions between competing organisms?

Answer 8

Interference Competition

Question 9

What competitive interaction where it has limited supply of resources?

Answer 9

Resource Competition

Question 10

What competitive interaction where it is a competition between members of own species?

Answer 10

Intraspecific Competition

Question 11

What competitive interaction where it is a competition between members of two or more species?

Answer 11

Interspecific Competition

Question 12

What competitive interaction does Realized Niche implies?

Answer 12

Intraspecific Competition

Question 13

It is where the population decreases with growing individuals?

Answer 13

Self-thinning

Question 14

As individual grows, resources required grows leading to what kind of competition?

Answer 14

Intraspecific Competition

Question 15

What is the relationship between density of individuals and their biomass?

Answer 15

Indirectly Proportional

Question 16

What is the self-thinning rule?

Answer 16

Slope of line of - 3/2

Question 17

What does G.F. Clause proposed about Competitive Exclusion Principle?

Answer 17

No two species with identical niches cannot coexist indefinitely. [One species are more effective competitor]

Question 18

What is the Lokta-Volterra Model?

Answer 18

dN1/dt = r1N1(K1-N1-a12N2/K1)
and
dN2/dt = r2N2(K2-N2-a21N1/K2)

Question 19

What does “a12” mean?

Answer 19

Effect of individual species of Species 1 on Species 2

Question 20

What does “a21” mean?

Answer 20

Effect of individual species of Species 2 on Species 1

Question 21

a12 > 1

Answer 21

Competition effect of Species 2 is greater than species 1

Question 22

a12 < 1

Answer 22

Competition effect of Species 2 is less than species 1

Question 23

a12 = 1

Answer 23

Competition effect of Species 2 is equal to species 1

Question 24

What does N# represent?

Answer 24

Intraspecific Competition

Question 25

What does K# represent?

Answer 25

Carrying Capacity

Question 26

What does "a12N2" represent?

Answer 26

Interspecific Competition

Question 27

What is the relationship between two competing populations?

Answer 27

Inversely Proportional

Question 28

What does zero-growth isocline implies?

Answer 28

Same curves of both population species

Question 29

What is the purpose of isoclines?

Answer 29

To predict which competitor would win.

Question 30

What does below the isocline implies?

Answer 30

Population grows

Question 31

What does above the isocline implies?

Answer 31

Population declines

Question 32

What forms when dN1/dt = 0 and dN2/dt = 0?

Answer 32

Zero Net Growth Isocline (ZNGI)

Question 33

Lokta Volterra Model: Species 1 only; Species 2 absent Species 2 only; Species 1 absent

Answer 33

N1 = K1 N2 = K1/a12

Question 34

Lokta Volterra Model: Species 2 only; Species 1 absent Species 1 only; Species 2 absent

Answer 34

N2 = K2 N1 = K2/a21

Question 35

Species 1 ZNGI above Species 2 ZNGI

Answer 35

Species 2 excluded

Question 36

Species 2 ZNGI above Species 1 ZNGI

Answer 36

Species 1 excluded

Question 37

Species 1 ZNGI crosses Species 2 ZNGI

Answer 37

Coexistence

Question 38

What will happen if there are changes that moves Isoclines?

Answer 38

Exclusion

Question 39

What does competitions restricts species to?

Answer 39

Realized Niche

Question 40

What does strong competitions induce?

Answer 40

Evolutionary Response - New species from the fundamental niche and Competitve Exclusion

Question 41

What is two species exhibiting starkly different traits where they occur together vs where they occur in separate geographic distribution?

Answer 41

Character Displacement and Geographic Distribution

Question 42

What are species that are isolated from each other by a clear visible barrier?

Answer 42

Allopatry

Question 43

What are species occurring in the same geographic region/area?

Answer 43

Sympatric

Question 44

What will be present between two species?

Answer 44

Competition and Exclusion

Question 45

What happens when species with inferior qualities are excluded in the community from other species?

Answer 45

Competitive Exclusion

Question 46

As population grows, there is increase in size and resource requirements. If population decreases, what happens to density?

Answer 46

Decreases